Neuroanatomy - External Features of the Brain

Question 1

Where does the CSF drain into from the dural sinus?

Answer 1

The jugular vein

Question 2

Which layer is CSF contained within?

Answer 2

Sub-arachnoid

Question 3

The pia mater is highly vascularised, T or F?

Answer 3

T

Question 4

The arachnoid mater is highly vascularised and recieves innervation from the trigeminal nerve, T or F?

Answer 4

F - it is avascular and receives no innervation

Question 5

The dura mater receives innervation from the middle meningeal artery and vein, and receives innervation from the trigeminal nerve, T or F?

Answer 5

T

Question 6

What is the role of arachnoid granulations?

Answer 6

They allow CSF to re-enter the circulation via the dural venous sinuses

Question 7

Which meningeal layer folds to form the choroid plexus?

Answer 7

The pia mater

Question 8

Where is CSF produced?

Answer 8

The choroid plexus

Question 9

Where do extradural haemotomas occur and what is a common cause?

Answer 9

Between the skull and outer dural layer, common cause is a tear to the middle meningeal artery

Question 10

What is a characteristic feature of hydrocephalus that can be seen on an MRI/CT scan?

Answer 10

Enlarged lateral and third ventricles

Question 11

What is the role of the frontal lobe?

Answer 11

Higher intellect, personality, mood, social conduct and language

Question 12

What is the role of the parietal lobe?

Answer 12

Language and calculation (on dominant side), visuospatial (on non-dominant)

Question 13

What is the role of the temporal lobe?

Answer 13

Memory and language

Question 14

What is the role of the occipital lobe?

Answer 14

Vision

Question 15

What is the precentral gyrus the site of?

Answer 15

Primary motor cortex

Question 16

What is the postcentral gyrus the site of?

Answer 16

The primary somatosensory cortex

Question 17

What is the role of the corpus callosum?

Answer 17

Connects the two cerebral hemispheres and integrates motor, sensory and cognitive performances between the hemispheres

Question 18

What is the role of the vermis?

Answer 18

Regulation of muscle tone for posture

Question 19

What is the role of the flocculonodular node?

Answer 19

Receives vestibular and visual info

Question 20

What’s the role of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum?

Answer 20

It mediates unconscious proprioception

Question 21

What is the role of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum?

Answer 21

Coordinates muscle movement by inhibiting involuntary movement

Question 22

Which peduncle connects the cerebellum to the midbrain?

Answer 22

The superior peduncle

Question 23

Which peduncle connects the cerebellum to the pons?

Answer 23

The middle peduncle

Question 24

Which peduncle connects the cerebellum to the medulla oblongata and spinal cord?

Answer 24

The inferior peduncle

Question 25

What are the associated tracts of the inferior peduncle?

Answer 25

The dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT), cuneocerebellar (CCT), olivocerebellar tract (OCT), vestibulocerebellar tract (VCT)

Question 26

What are the associated tracts of the middle peduncle?

Answer 26

Pontocerebellar (PCT)

Question 27

What are the associated tracts of the superior peduncle?

Answer 27

Dentorubralthalamic (DRTT), globose emboliform rubral (GERT)

Question 28

What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum division?

Answer 28

It maintains balance, spatial orientation and muscle tone. Integrates vestibular information for controlling eye and head movements

Question 29

What is the function of the spinocerebellum division?

Answer 29

Senses proprioceptive input, adapts the body to changing circumstances (posture regulation)

Question 30

What is the function of the pontocerebellum division?

Answer 30

Regulates the cerebral cortical motor output, inhibits involuntary movement