Neuroanatomy - External Features of the Brain Flashcards
Where does the CSF drain into from the dural sinus?
The jugular vein
Which layer is CSF contained within?
Sub-arachnoid
The pia mater is highly vascularised, T or F?
T
The arachnoid mater is highly vascularised and recieves innervation from the trigeminal nerve, T or F?
F - it is avascular and receives no innervation
The dura mater receives innervation from the middle meningeal artery and vein, and receives innervation from the trigeminal nerve, T or F?
T
What is the role of arachnoid granulations?
They allow CSF to re-enter the circulation via the dural venous sinuses
Which meningeal layer folds to form the choroid plexus?
The pia mater
Where is CSF produced?
The choroid plexus
Where do extradural haemotomas occur and what is a common cause?
Between the skull and outer dural layer, common cause is a tear to the middle meningeal artery
What is a characteristic feature of hydrocephalus that can be seen on an MRI/CT scan?
Enlarged lateral and third ventricles
What is the role of the frontal lobe?
Higher intellect, personality, mood, social conduct and language
What is the role of the parietal lobe?
Language and calculation (on dominant side), visuospatial (on non-dominant)
What is the role of the temporal lobe?
Memory and language
What is the role of the occipital lobe?
Vision
What is the precentral gyrus the site of?
Primary motor cortex
What is the postcentral gyrus the site of?
The primary somatosensory cortex
What is the role of the corpus callosum?
Connects the two cerebral hemispheres and integrates motor, sensory and cognitive performances between the hemispheres
What is the role of the vermis?
Regulation of muscle tone for posture
What is the role of the flocculonodular node?
Receives vestibular and visual info
What’s the role of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum?
It mediates unconscious proprioception
What is the role of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum?
Coordinates muscle movement by inhibiting involuntary movement
Which peduncle connects the cerebellum to the midbrain?
The superior peduncle
Which peduncle connects the cerebellum to the pons?
The middle peduncle
Which peduncle connects the cerebellum to the medulla oblongata and spinal cord?
The inferior peduncle
What are the associated tracts of the inferior peduncle?
The dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT), cuneocerebellar (CCT), olivocerebellar tract (OCT), vestibulocerebellar tract (VCT)
What are the associated tracts of the middle peduncle?
Pontocerebellar (PCT)
What are the associated tracts of the superior peduncle?
Dentorubralthalamic (DRTT), globose emboliform rubral (GERT)
What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum division?
It maintains balance, spatial orientation and muscle tone. Integrates vestibular information for controlling eye and head movements
What is the function of the spinocerebellum division?
Senses proprioceptive input, adapts the body to changing circumstances (posture regulation)
What is the function of the pontocerebellum division?
Regulates the cerebral cortical motor output, inhibits involuntary movement
