Neuroanatomy - Brain Flashcards
Where does CN 1 exit skull
(olfactory nerve) - cribiform plate
Where does CN 2 exit skull
(optic n) - optic canal
Where does CN 3 exit skull
(oculomotor) - superior orbital fissure
Where does CN 4 exit skull
(trochlear) - superior orbital fissure
Where does CN 5 exit the skull
Trigeminal Vi - superior orbital fissure Vii - foramen rotundum Viii - foramen ovale (standing room only)
Where does CN 6 exit the skull
(abducens) - superior orbital fissure
Which CNs exit the superior orbital fisure?
CN 3-6 (Vi only)
Where does CN 7 exit the skull?
Facial - internal acoustic (auditory) meatus —> stylomastoid foramen
Where does CN 8 exit the skull?
Vestibulocochlear (auditory) n - internal acoustic meatus (doesnt exit skull)
Where does CN 9 exit the skull?
Glossopharyngeal N - jugular foramen
Where does CN 10 exit the skull
Vagus - Jugular foramen
Where does CN 11 exit the skull
Spinal accessory n - jugular foramen & foramen magnum
Where does CN 12 exit the skull
Hypoglossal N - hypoglossal canal
Through which opening do the middle meningeal arteries pass?
Foramen spinosum
Through what hole do the internal carotid arteries pass?
carotid canal
Through what hole do the vertebral arteries pass?
Foramen magnum
Name the 3 meninges
Dura, arachnoid, pia
What comprises the dura meninges
2 tough fibrous layers (periosteal, meningeal)
Falx Cerebri
Tentorium Cerebelli
What comprises the arachnoid meninges
Wispy layer adhering to inner dura
CSF
What comprises the pia meninges
Thin layer of cells
Adheres closely to surface of the brain
Along all gyri/ into sulci
Surrounds blood vessels as it penetrates
brain surface, then fuses with blood vessel
wall
Bi-uncal herniation could result in:
Why?
PCA infarct
Vertebral arteries enter via foramen magnum
Name the 4 types of herniation
Transtentorial
● Uncal
● Subfalcine
● Tonsillar
Branches of external carotid (in order)
Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students ● •S- superior thyroid artery ● •A- ascending pharyngeal artery ● •L- lingual artery ● •F- facial artery ● •O- occipital artery ● •P- posterior auricular artery ● •M- maxillary artery ● •S- superficial temporal artery
(Blood supply to the thyroid, larynx, salivary glands, tongue, nose, lips, chin, palate, neck, face, ears, and lower portion of
the skull.)
anatomy of circle of willis
ACA A Comm Internal Carotid MCA P Comm PCA Superior Cerebellar Art Basilar Artery Ant Inf Artery Post Inf Artery Vertebral Artery Anterior Spinal Artery
PCA supplies:
Inferior/Medial Temporal Lobe and Occipital Cortex
ACA supplies:
Most of anterior medial surface frontal to parietal lobes including sensorimotor cortex
MCA supplies:
Superior Division: Above Sylvian Fissure including lateral frontal lobe
Inferior Division: Below Sylvian Fissure including lateral temporal lobe, variable
parietal lobe
Which arteries supply BG
Lenticulostriate arteries from A1 (occasionally) and M1; often source of BG hemorrhage from HTN
Penetrating Vessels at Base
Arise from initial MCA
Supply basal Ganglia & Internal capsule
