neuroanatomy and the neurophysiology at the cellular level

Question 1

Where are the denticulate ligaments and what is there purpose?

Answer 1

they come off the pia externa, pass throught he arachnoid, and connect to the dura to anchor the spinal cord within the spinal canal.

Question 2

what connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle?

Answer 2

the interventricular foramen of monro

Question 3

what is the purpose of the choroid plexus?

Answer 3

manufacture CSF

Question 4

what types of cells within the choroid plexus made CSF?

Answer 4

ependymal cells

Question 5

what is the name of the middle foramen in the fourth ventricle?

Answer 5

foramen of magendie

Question 6

what are the names of the lateral foramen in the fourth ventricle?

Answer 6

foramina of luschka

Question 7

what three structures make up the brainstem?

Answer 7

medulla, pons, and midbrain

Question 8

what is revealed when the lateral sulcus is pulled open?

Answer 8

transverse temporal gyri of heschl and insula

Question 9

efferent signals can also be labeled as _________________

Answer 9

motor

Question 10

afferent signals can also be labeled as __________________

Answer 10

sensory

Question 11

what produces myelin in the CNS?

Answer 11

oligiodendrocites

Question 12

what produces myelin in the PNS

Answer 12

schwann cells

Question 13

what are the two excitatory (facilitory) synaptic types?

Answer 13

axodendritic and axospinous

Question 14

describe axodendritic

Answer 14

• axon to dendrite (1 synapse)

- excitatory

Question 15

describe axospinous

Answer 15

• can have 2 or 3 synapses

- excitatory

Question 16

what is the inhibitory synaptic type?

Answer 16

axosomatic

Question 17

describe axosomatic

Answer 17

• synapses on cell body

- inhibitory

Question 18

what makes axoaconic unique?

Answer 18

works presynaptic to inhibit or facilitate a signal

Question 19

what charge is present during excitatory postsynaptic potentials?

Answer 19

membrane polarity becomes more positive

Question 20

what charge is present during inhibatory postsynaptic potentials

Answer 20

membrane polarity becomes more negative

Question 21

what are the two temporary types of learning? Are they associative or nonassociative?

Answer 21

sensitizion/habituation. nonassociative

Question 22

what is sensitizion?

Answer 22

strengthening of a response after an intense stimuli. Ex= after a mortar goes off you jump about everything

Question 23

what is habituation?

Answer 23

a decreased behavioral response during repetitive application of a benign stimulus. Ex= clock ticking

Question 24

what are astrocytes?

Answer 24

supportive and reparative cells

Question 25

what are microglia?

Answer 25

macrophages of the CNS