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Neurosurgery > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Name the branches of the EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

A 
Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Occipital artery
Posterior auricular artery
Superficial temporal artery
(Internal) Maxillary artery
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2
Q

Name the contents of the FORAMINA OF THE CRIBIFORM PLATE

A

Olfactory nerve bundles

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3
Q

Name the contents of the OPTIC CANAL

A 
Optic nerve (CN II)
Opthalmic artery
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4
Q

Name the contents of the SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE

A 
Occulomotor nerve (CN III)
Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
Lacrimal, frontal and nasocilliary branches of ophthalmic division of (CN V1)
Abducent nerve (CN VI)
Superior ophthalmic vein
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5
Q

Name the contents of the FORAMEN ROTUNDUM

A

Maxillary nerve (CN V2)

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6
Q

Name the contents of the FORAMEN OVALE

A

Mandibular nerve ( CN V3)
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve

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7
Q

Name the contents of the FORAMEN SPINOSUM

A

Middle meningeal artery & vein

Meningeal branch of mandibular nerve

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8
Q

Name the contents of the CAROTID CANAL

A

Internal carotid artery

Internal carotid nerve plexus

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9
Q

Name the contents of the INTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS

A 
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)
Labyrinthine artery
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10
Q

Name the contents of the JUGULAR FORAMEN

A 
Inferior petrosal sinus
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Vagus nerve (CN X)
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Sigmoid sinus
Posterior meningeal artery
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11
Q

Name the contents of the HYPOGLOSSAL CANAL

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

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12
Q

Name the contents of the FORAMEN MAGNUM

A 
Medulla oblongata
Meninges
Vertebral arteries
Meningeal branches of vertebral arteries
Spinal roots of accessory nerves
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13
Q

The POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY divides into what 2 terminal branches

A

Parieto-Occiptal artery

Calcarine artery

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14
Q

What are VIRCHOW- ROBIN spaces?

A

Space between blood vessels and the arachnoid and pia layers of the brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

Which large anastamotic vein joins the superior sagittal sinus?

A

The Vein of TROLARD

Superior Anastomotic vein

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16
Q

Which large anastomotic vein joins the veins of the sylvian fissure with the transverse sinus?

A

The Vein of Labbe

Inferior Anastomotic vein

17
Q

What is the largest branch of the intracavernous portion of the carotid artery

A

The meningohypophyseal trunk

18
Q

What branch of the intracavernous carotid artery passes between CN VI and the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

The inferolateral trunk

19
Q

PTERION

A

Region where the following bones are approximated: frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid (greater wing)

Estimated 2 finger-breadths above the zygomatic arch, thumbs breadth behind the frontal process of the zygomatic bone

20
Q

ASTERION

A

Junction of lambdoid, occiptomastoid and parietomastoid sutures.

Usually lies within a few mm of the posterior-inferior edge of the junction of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses

21
Q

GLABELLA

A

the most forward projecting point of the forehead at the level of the supraorbital ridge
in the midline.

22
Q

LAMBDA

A

Junction of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures

23
Q

OPISTHION

A

the posterior margin of the foramen magnum in the midline.

24
Q

FRANKFURT PLANE (aka Baseline)

A

line through inferior margin of the orbit, through the upper margin of external auditory meatus

25
Q

REID’S BASELINE

A

line through inferior margin of orbit, through centre of the external auditory meatus

26
Q

POSTERIOR EAR LINE

A

perpendicular to the baseline through the mastoid process

27
Q

CONDYLAR LINE

A

perpendicular to the baseline through the mandibular condyle

28
Q

Taylor-Haughton approximation of Sylvian Fissure

A

line connecting the lateral canthus to a point 3/4 of the way posterior from nasion to inion

29
Q

Taylor-Haughton approximation of Central Sulcus

A

line angling posterio-superiorly from the intersection of the sylvian fissure at the condylar line to the posterior ear line

30
Q

What are the surface landmarks of the ANGULAR GYRUS

A

Above the pinna

Dominant hemisphere contains Wernickes area

31
Q

What are the surface landmarks of the ANGULAR ARTERY

A

6cm above the EAM

32
Q

Brodmann’s are 3, 1 & 2

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

33
Q

Brodmann’s area 41 & 42

A

Primary auditory cortex

- Transverse gyri of Heschl

34
Q

Brodmann’s area 4

A

Precentral gyrus = primary motor cortex = motor strip

Large concentration of giant pyramidal Betz cells

35
Q

Brodmann’s area 6

A

Premotor cortex - supplementary motor area

Contralateral motor programming

36
Q

Brodmann’s area 44 (Dominant Hemisphere)

A

Broca’s area (motor speech)

Neurosurgery (4 decks)

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