Neuroanatomy

Question 1

Midbrain

Answer 1

Tectum - located posteriorly

Tegmentum - anteriorly and laterally

Question 2

Tectum

Answer 2

• Superior to cerebellum
• Superior colliculus - receives input from optic nerves
• Inferior colliculus - receives signals from vestibularcochlear nerves

Question 3

Tegmentum

Answer 3

• cerebella peduncles

* superior to the midbrain

Question 4

The pons

Answer 4

• derived from metencephalon
• anterior to cerebellum
• relay station between cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 5

Frontal lobe

Answer 5

-Primary motor cortex - pre central gyrus
• voluntary muscle movement
- Motor association area

Question 6

Parietal lobe

Answer 6

recieves stimuli, sensory information and •somatosensory centre
- Primary somatosensory cortex - important in receiving stimuli- post central gyrus
• Sensory associated area

Question 7

Temporal lobe

Answer 7

Important for hearing

Question 8

Occipital lobe

Answer 8

seeing
•Vision cortex
• Vision associated area

Question 9

Corpus callosum

Answer 9

• connects two hemispheres of the brain togather

Question 10

Falx cerebri

Answer 10

•Fold of dura mater which descends in longitudanal fissure between the cerebral hemisphere

Question 11

Thalamus

Answer 11

relay station for sensory and motor information

Question 12

Pineal gland

Answer 12

Secretes melatonin,

Question 13

Blood supply of pons

Answer 13

• Superior cerebral and AICA are branches of basilar

* PICA branch of vertebral artery

Question 14

Cerebellum

Answer 14

• superior cerebral
ª AICA
•PICA

Question 15

Dura mater

Answer 15

• Outermost layer of meninges
- Endosteal layer - lines inner surface of bones of brain
- Meningeal layer - lines endosteal, present in vertebral column
• Middle meningeal artery

Question 16

Meninges

Answer 16

• Dura mater
• Subdural space
• Arachnoid mater
• Subarachnoid space
• Pia mater

Question 17

Subdural space

Answer 17

• dural venous sinuses located

- drain into internal jugular

Question 18

Tentorium cerebelli

Answer 18

Fold of the dura maters seperates the cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 19

Aracnoid mater

Answer 19

• middle layer
• Avascular
• Projections of arachnoid into dura known as arachnoid granulations allow CSF to renter circulation via dural venous sinus

Question 20

Subarachnoid space

Answer 20

• contains CSF

Question 21

Pia Mater

Answer 21

• v thin and tightly adhered to surface of brain

* highly vascularised

Question 22

The medulla

Answer 22

• Anterior median fissure located at the centre
• Pyramids - swelling found between the anterior median fissure
• Olives - pair of swellings located laterally to the pyramids

Question 23

Blood supply of brain - subclavian

Answer 23

1. Subclavian
2. Vertebral artery - travel within foramen transversarium of cervical vertebra
   * enters foramen magnum*
3. i. Meningeal branch - supploes the falx cerebelli
   ii. Anterior and Posterior spinal arteries- supply the spinal chord
   iii. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery - supplies the cerebellum
4. Vertebral arteries converge to form Basilar artery

Question 24

Blood supply to the brain - internal carotid

Answer 24

1. Common carotid
2. Internal Carotid
3. i. Opthalmic artery
   ii. Posterior communicating artery- anastomostic connecting vessel i the circle of willis
   iii. Anterior cerebral artery - supplies part of the cerebrum

Question 25

AICA

Answer 25

• Blood supply to the cerebellum

Question 26

Superior cerebellar artery

Answer 26

• Superior part of cerebellum

* Parts of midbrain - superior and inferior colliculi

Question 27

Posterior cerebral artery

Answer 27

Supplies occipital lobe

Question 28

Middle cerebral artery

Answer 28

• Internal capsule/Basal Ganglia

* Lateral hemisphere of brain

Question 29

Anterior cerebral artery

Answer 29

Frontal and Parietal lobe