Neuroanatomy

Question 1

What does grey matter mainly contain?

Answer 1

Cell bodies in the cortex

Question 2

What does white matter mainly contain?

Answer 2

Axons and dendrites

Question 3

What is the anterior/rostral direction in the brain?

Answer 3

Front

Question 4

What is the posterior/caudal direction in the brain?

Answer 4

Back

Question 5

What is the dorsal/superior direction in the brain?

Answer 5

Top

Question 6

What is the ventral/inferior direction in the brain?

Answer 6

Bottom

Question 7

What type of MRI slicing is horizontal?

Answer 7

Axial slicing

Question 8

What type of MRI slicing is through the middle?

Answer 8

Coronal section slicing

Question 9

What type of MRI slicing is longitudinal through the brain?

Answer 9

Sagittal slicing

Question 10

What separates the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe?

Answer 10

Lateral Sulcus (Sylvian fissure)

Question 11

What separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

Answer 11

Central Sulcus (Rolandic Sulcus)

Question 12

What is a gyrus?

Answer 12

The hill at the top

Question 13

What is a sulcus?

Answer 13

The bits/lines that dip down and separate the lobes

Question 14

What is the insula?

Answer 14

Middle of the brain, beneath the parietal lobes

Question 15

What is the function of the insula?

Answer 15

Introspection, empathy, perception, self-awareness, motor control, cognitive functioning, and homeostasis

Question 16

What does the corpus callosum do?

Answer 16

Connects left and right hemispheres

Question 17

What brain structures are included in the hindbrain?

Answer 17

• Cerebellum
• Pons
• Medulla Oblongata

Question 18

What is the role of the thalamus?

Answer 18

Responsible for all sensory pathways except for smell

Question 19

What is the pituitary gland known as?

Answer 19

Master gland – regulates hormones in the body

Question 20

What is the function of the pineal gland?

Answer 20

Involved in regulating circadian functions

Question 21

What are the anterior and posterior commissures?

Answer 21

Connect left and right sides of the brain at the front and back

Question 22

What is the fornix?

Answer 22

White matter pathway in the brain, tract of the hippocampus

Question 23

What is the substantia nigra involved in?

Answer 23

Parkinson’s disease; creates dopamine

Question 24

What is the cortex described as?

Answer 24

A 2-dimensional sheet

Question 25

What are the three types of white matter pathways?

Answer 25

* Commissural Fibres * Associational fibres * Projection Fibre

Question 26

What do commissural pathways connect?

Answer 26

Equivalent regions in the left and right sides of the brain

Question 27

What is the role of association tracts?

Answer 27

Involved in higher cognitive functions such as language, memory, emotions, visuo-spatial processing

Question 28

What do projection pathways connect?

Answer 28

Brain with the rest of the body

Question 29

What are the ventricles in the brain?

Answer 29

Holes in the brain full of cerebrospinal fluid

Question 30

What is the function of the choroid plexus?

Answer 30

Produces cerebrospinal fluid

Question 31

What does the septum pellucidum do?

Answer 31

Separates the two lateral ventricles

Question 32

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 32

Relays motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex

Question 33

What is the basal ganglia involved in?

Answer 33

Modulating action and thought; implicated in Huntington’s and Parkinson’s diseases

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The hippocampus is responsible for _______.

Answer 34

Spatial navigation

Question 35

True or False: The hippocampus is involved in memory.

Answer 35

True