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Biomechanics and Neurophysiology > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is biomechanics?

A

The study of forces and effects on living things

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2
Q

What does neurophysiology refer to?

A

Function of the nervous system

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3
Q

What are the two systems essential for basic movement?

A
  • Nervous System
  • Muscular System
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4
Q

What is the role of the nervous system?

A

Dictates muscle activity; nerves are controllers

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5
Q

What is the function of the muscular system?

A

Creates movement via contraction; motors

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6
Q

What are the two main parts of the nervous system?

A
  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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7
Q

What constitutes the Central Nervous System?

A

Neurons and glia in brain or spinal cord

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8
Q

What comprises the Peripheral Nervous System?

A

Neuron and glia outside brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

What are the two types of nerve cells?

A
  • Neurons
  • Glia
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10
Q

What is the primary function of neurons?

A

Receive, process, & output information

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11
Q

What is the role of glial cells?

A

Support cells that provide nourishment

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12
Q

What are the main parts of a neuron?

A
  • Nucleus
  • Dendrites
  • Cell Body
  • Axon
  • PS Terminal
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13
Q

What do dendrites do?

A

Receive information from other neurons

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14
Q

What is the function of the cell body in a neuron?

A

Sums information from dendrites

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15
Q

What is the role of the axon?

A

Transmits information from cell body

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16
Q

What is the PS Terminal?

A

Attaches to other neurons to relay information

17
Q

What is a sensory neuron?

A

Brings information about the environment into the body

18
Q

What is the function of motor neurons?

A

Connected to muscle cells, causing muscle contractions

19
Q

What do interneurons connect?

A

Connect sensory and motor neurons

20
Q

What is the Greek origin of the word ‘glia’?

A

Means glue

21
Q

How do glial cells compare to neurons in number?

A

10:1 glial cells outnumber neurons

22
Q

What is myelin?

A

Covers axon on many neurons

23
Q

What is the function of myelin?

A

Speed up transmission of neural impulses

24
Q

What happens when myelin is damaged?

A

Causes longer response time

25
Q

What is proprioception?

A

Perception of body position and movement in absence of vision

26
Q

Where are specialized proprioceptive receptors located?

A
  • Muscles
  • Tendons
  • Joints
27
Q

What are muscle spindles?

A

Muscle stretch receptors located intramuscularly

28
Q

What do muscle spindles sense?

A

Changes in muscle length

Biomechanics and Neurophysiology (4 decks)

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