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Anatomy Learning Objectives > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

0
Q

What is the blood supply for the posterior circulation of the brain

A

Vertebral arteries

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1
Q

What is the blood supply of anterior portion of the brain

A

Internal carotid

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2
Q

What is the direct continuation of the internal carotid

A

Middle cerebral

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3
Q

What are the major lobes of the brain

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, limb if

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4
Q

What does the telencephalon contain

A

Cerebral cortex, white matter, basal ganglia

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5
Q

What does the diencephalon contain

A

Pineal gland, dorsal thalamus, sun thalamus, hypothalamus

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6
Q

What does the mesencephalon contain

A

Brainstem

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7
Q

What is the function of the pre central gyrus

A

Primary motor area

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8
Q

What is the function of the post central gyrus

A

Primary somatosensory cortex and gustatory cortex

Receive and interpret sensations of pain, temp, touch and pressure from contralateral side of body

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9
Q

What is the function of the frontal cortex

A

Supplementary motor area

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10
Q

What is the function of the parietal lobe

A

Somatosensory association area

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11
Q

What is the function of theTemporal lobe

A

Auditory and auditory association area

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12
Q

What is the function of the occipital lobe

A

Visual cortex and visual association area

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13
Q

What is the corpus callosum

A

Major commisure, connection between cortical areas of similar function in both hemispheres

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14
Q

What makes up the corpus striatum

A

Caudate nuclues and putamen

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15
Q

What makes up the lentiform nucleus

A

Putamen and globus pallidus

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16
Q

What is th function of the thalamus

A

Receives and processes pre cortical input from all sensory systems and conveys to cerebral cortex

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17
Q

What is the function of the basal ganglia

A

Role in initiation and execution of motor activity

18
Q

What is the direct continuation of internal carotid

A

Middle cerebral artery

19
Q

What supplies anterior circulation

A

Internal carotid

20
Q

What supplies posterior circulation

A

Vertebral arteries

21
Q

Anterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

Sensorimotor function loss in lower limbs and bladder weakness

22
Q

Middle cerebral artery occlusion leads to

A

Sensorimotor function loss in face and hands

23
Q

Posterior cerebral artery supplies?

A

Occipital lobes and branch of thalamus

24
Q

Posterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

Visual disturbances, possible sensory loss on one side of the body if thalamus is deprived of blood

25
Q

What makes up the mesencephalon

A

Tectum, tegmentum, basis pedunculi

26
Q

What makes up the Tectum of the mesencephalon in the brainstem

A

Quadrigrminal plate:
2 superior colliculus
2 inferior colliculus

27
Q

What makes up the tegmentum of the mesencephalon

A

Red nuclues, nucleus of cn3 and CN 5, reticular formation

28
Q

What does the death of substantia nigra lead to

A

Parkinson’s, bradykinsea and hypokinesia (difficulty in initiating and performing voluntary movement)

29
Q

What makes up the cerebral peduncle

A

Tegmentum and basis pedunculi

30
Q

What tracts does the basis peduncle contain

A

Corticospinal and corticopotine

31
Q

What’s the blood supply of the brainstem

A

Posterior communicating artery
Posterior cerebral artery
Superior cerebellar artery

32
Q

Where is the cerebral aqueduct

A

Between tectum and tegmentum

Connects 3rd and 4th ventricle

33
Q

What does a blockage in the cerebral aqueduct cause

A

Hydrocephalus

34
Q

What is blood supply of the pons

A

Basilar artery

35
Q

What is the function of the pons

A

Sensory input fro face and sends motor neurons to muscles of face for voluntary and involuntary facial expression

36
Q

Three ways the cerebellum differed from the cerebrum

A
  1. Gyri are finer
  2. Hemispheres posses ipsilateral representation of body
  3. None of its activity contribute to consciousness
37
Q

Draw the cerebellum

A 
Includes:
Quadr angular lobe
Anterior lobe, posterior lobe
Horizontal fissure
Lobules
Vermis
Primary fissure
38
Q

Functions of cerebellum

A
  1. Maintain posture and balance
  2. Maintain muscle tone
  3. Coordinate smooth movements by influencing timing and force of contractions of voluntary muscles
39
Q

What is cerebellum separated by

A

Tentorium cerebelli

40
Q

Function of anterior lobe

A

Maintains coordination of limb movements while being coordinated
Regulation of muscle tone

41
Q

Function of flucculonodular node

A

Role in maintenance of posture, balance and eye movements

Receives input from vestibular system

42
Q

What is function of posterior lobe of cerebellum

A

Initiations if voluntary motor activity

Stores all sequential components of skilled movements

43
Q

What are the four cerebellar nuclei

A
  1. Dentate nucleus: most lateral and largest, input from lateral part of hemisphere
  2. Emboliform 3. Globose (both interposed nuclei)
  3. Fastugial nucleus: most medial, input from vermis and flucculonodular lobes)

Anatomy Learning Objectives (4 decks)

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