NEUROANATOMY Flashcards
The parasympathetic outflow originating from the S2 to S4 spinal segments is primarily responsible for mediating reflexogenic erection. The sympathetic output is primarily responsible for regulating ejaculation and psychogenic component of penile erection.
a.Both statements are correct
b.Both statements are incorrect
c.First statement is correct, second statement is incorrect
d.First statement is incorrect, second statement is correct
a.Both statements are correct
The following statements are true about location of lesions in visual field defects, EXCEPT:
a.Lesion to the right optic tract will manifest as left homonymous hemianopsia
b.Lesion to the optic radiation in the right temporal lobe will manifest as left superior quarantanopsia
c.Lesion to the optic radiation in the right parietal lobe will manifest as left inferior quarantanopsia
d.Lesion to the optic chiasm caused by pituitary tumor will manifest as bitemporal hemianopsia
e.None of these
e.None of these
The following statements are true regarding the cranial nerves innervating the extraocular muscles, EXCEPT:
i.The oculomotor nerve provides innervation to the superior, inferior, medial recti, and the inferior oblique muscles of the eye.
ii.The lateral rectus muscle is supplied by the abducens nerve
iii.An isolated lesion of the trochlear nerve results in vertical diplopia
iv.Lesion at the midbrain will result to inability of the eyes to move downward
a.All of these
b.I, II and III
c.I and III
d.II and IV
e.None of these
e.None of these
True about the trigeminal nerve, EXCEPT:
a.It is a mixed nerve supplying the muscles of mastication and divides into three major branches, ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular.
b.Mediates the reflex arc in the jaw reflex involving the masseter and temporalis muscles
c.If the motor root of the trigeminal nerve is injured, paralysis occurs in the tensor tympani, mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric.
d.Taste impulses from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is mediated by the trigeminal nerve
e.None of these
d.Taste impulses from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is mediated by the trigeminal nerve
The following statements are correct concerning the facial nerve:
i.The muscles of facial expression including the buccinator is supplied by the facial nerve
ii.It supplies the stylohyoid, posterior belly of the digastric muscles of the neck and the stapedius muscles of the middle ear
iii.It emerges as two roots from the anterior surface of the hindbrain between the pons and the medulla oblongata
iv.Injury to the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen will result in facial palsy, hyperacusis, impaired lacrimation and loss of taste on anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
v.Lesion of the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen presents with inability to close the eye on the side of the paralysis
a. All of these
b.I, II and III
c.I, II, III and IV
d. I, II, III and V
e. I, III and V
d. I, II, III and V
The vagus nerve is the great parasympathetic nerve that innervates the thorax and the abdomen. These statements correctly describe this nerve, EXCEPT:
i.Stimulation of the vagus nerve may result to vasodilation and bradycardia
ii.Branches from the vagus nerve supply the intrinsic muscles of the larynx
iii.Dysphagia, dysphonia and regurgitation of food into the nose on swallowing is a result of bilateral lesion to this nerve
iv.In testing for phonation by having the patient say “AH”, deviation of the uvula to the right suggests involvement of the right vagus nerve
a. I and IV
b.II and IV
c.All of these
d. None of these
e. Only IV
e. Only IV
True about spinal nerve, EXCEPT:
a.There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves
b.There are 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar and 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal pairs of spinal nerves
c.While there are eight nerves that exit the cervical spine, there are only seven cervical vertebrae
d.The first thoracic spinal nerve exits below the first thoracic vertebra
e.None of these
e.None of these
One pair of spinal nerves supply a strip-like area of skin known as a dermatome. The following descriptions are correct, EXCEPT:
i.The middle finger is supplied by the C7 dermatome
ii.The fourth thoracic segment is at the nipple level
iii.The L3 neurologic level spans the anterior thigh immediately at and above the knee joint
iv.The umbilicus is at T10 level
v.The anterior neck and upper shoulders are innervated by the cervical plexus largely by C3
a.All of these
b.I, II, III and IV
c.II, III, IV and V
d. Only V
e. None of these
d. Only V
The following are key muscles represented by the C5, C6 myotomes
i.Biceps
ii.ECRL
iii.ECRB
iv.ECU
v.FCR
a.All of these
b.I, II and III
c.I, II, III and IV
d. I, II, III and V
e. II, III, IV and V
b.I, II and III
A patient with a diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy reports numbness of the right little finger. The therapist will most likely find a diminished tendon reflex in:
a.Deltoid
b.Brachioradialis
c.Biceps brachii
d.Triceps
d.Triceps
Which of these structures arise from the prosencephalon?
i. Cerebral cortex
ii.Basal ganglia
iii.Thalamus
iv.Hypothalamus
a.All of these
b.I, II and III
d. II and IV
c.I and III
e. None of these
a.All of these
Lobes of the brain concerned with memory
i.Temporal
ii.Frontal
iii.Limbic
iv.Occipital
a.All of these
b.I, II and III
c.I and III
d.II and IV
e.Only IV
a.All of these
The prefrontal cortex is represented by brodmann’s area:
a.6
b.8
c.3, 1, 2
d. 9, 10, 11, 12
e. 4
d. 9, 10, 11, 12
A patient with left hemiplegia is expected with the following manifestations, EXCEPT:
i.Hemineglect
ii.Ideomotor apraxia
iii.Impaired insight and judgment
iv.Broca’s aphasia
a.All of these
b.I, II and IV
c.I and III
d.II and IV
e.Only IV
d.II and IV
To examine a patient with suspected deficit in barognosis, the therapist should ask the patient to shut his/her eyes and identify:
a.Different objects placed in the hand and palpated
b.A series of letters traced in the hand
c.Differently weighed, identically shaped cylinders placed in the hand
d.The vibrations of a tuning fork when placed on a bony prominence
c.Differently weighed, identically shaped cylinders placed in the hand
