Neuroanatomy Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 2 ways the nervous system is organised?
A
- central nervous system (CNS) - brain and spinal cord
- peripheral nervous system (PNS) - peripheral nerves (spinal and cranial)
2
Q
Nerves FROM CNS are…
A
motor
3
Q
Nerves TO CNS are…
A
Sensory
4
Q
2 types of cells of the nervous system
A
nerve cells ad supporting cells
5
Q
describe anatomy of neuron
A
- cell body (soma) with nucleus
- axon with myelin sheath
- terminals
6
Q
white matter is…
A
myelinated nerve fibres
7
Q
grey matter is…
A
neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glia and unmyelinated axons
8
Q
Grey matter in the spinal cord is divided into 2 horns, what are they?
A
dorsal and ventral
9
Q
What do the dorsal horns deal with?
A
Sensory roots and ganglia (afferent)
10
Q
What do the ventral horns deal with?
A
motor neurons (efferent)
11
Q
6th nerve palsy
A
- damage to cranial nerve 6
- lateral rectus muscle can no longer contract properly so eye turns inwards towards nose
12
Q
function of brain stem
A
- essential automatic survival functions (breathing, heart rate, motor and sensory info relay path)
- connects brain and spinal cord
- made up of 3 parts
13
Q
function of midbrain
A
- associated with vision, hearing, sleep and wakefulness, temperature regulation, and motor control
14
Q
structure of pons (5)
A
- superior to the medulla
- has transverse axons that connect right and left cerebellum
- longitudinal axons of pons are part of ascending and descending tracts
- contains pneumotaxic and apneustic areas , helps regulate breathing
- contains nuclei associated with 4 pairs of cranial nerves (V to Viii)
15
Q
function of medulla
A
- controls heart rate, breathing and blood pressure, vomiting
- receives sensory input/transmit motor output to cranial nerves Viii to Xii
