Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biological Psychology > Neuroanatomy 1 > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the nervous system do?

A

Coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals to and from parts of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the divisions of the vertebrate nervous system?

A
  • The Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the CNS protected by?

A
  • The skull
  • The spine
  • Meninges
  • Blood brain barrier
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are meninges?

A
  • Layers of protective tissue that protect the brain
  • Contains a web-like membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

A
  • Fills the subarachnoid space beneath the arachnoid membrane, central canal of the spinal cord and cerebral ventricles
  • Supports and cushions the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the blood brain barrier?

A
  • Prevents toxic substances crossing from the blood to the brain
  • Has tight junctions to prevent molecules moving from the inside of the capillary to the outside (where the brain cells are)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the BSCB?

A

Blood spinal cord barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the BNB?

A

The blood nerve barrier in the PNS periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

A
  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
  • Somatic nervous system (SNS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the ANS?

A
  • Regulates the internal environment
  • Involuntary actions such as your heartbeat or digestion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the SNS?

A
  • Interacts with the external environment
  • Voluntary actions like walking or clapping, they use somatic nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the different types of nerves?

A
  • Afferent nerves
  • Efferent nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are afferent nerves?

A

These carry signals to the central nervous system (Advance, Approach, Arrive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are efferent nerves?

A

These carry signals away from the central nervous system (Exit, Embark, Escape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What nerves are in the SNS?

A

Efferent and afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What nerve fibres are in the SNS?

A
  • Peripheral nerve fibres that send sensory information to the central nervous system
  • Motor nerve fibres that project to skeletal muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the SNS do?

A
  • Controls organs under voluntary control (mainly muscles)
  • All our conscious awareness of the external environment and all our motor activity to cope with it operates through this division of the peripheral nervous system
18
Q

What nerves are in the ANS?

A

Efferent and afferent

19
Q

What kind of efferent nerves are in the ANS?

A
  • Sympathetic nerves
  • Parasympathetic nerves
20
Q

What does the ANS do?

A
  • Controls smooth muscle of the viscera (internal organs) and glands
  • Regulates individual organ function and homeostasis
  • Not subject to voluntary control
21
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

A

Stimulate, organise and mobilise energy resources in stressful situations

22
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

A

Acts to conserve energy

23
Q

What input do autonomic target organs receive and how is their activity controlled?

A

Each autonomic target organ receives opposing sympathetic and parasympathetic input, and the target organs activity is controlled by relative levels of both sympathetic and parasympathetic activity

24
Q

What are sympathetic changes indicative of?

A

Psychological arousal

25
Q

What are parasympathetic changes a result of?

A

Psychological relaxation

26
Q

How much does an adult brain weigh?

A

Around 3.5lbs

27
Q

How much body weight does the brain account for?

28
Q

How much body oxygen does the brain use?

29
Q

How much body energy does the brain use?

30
Q

How many neurones does the brain contain?

A

Around 86 billion

31
Q

How many synapses does a neurone have?

A

Around 10,000

32
Q

How many synaptic connections are there in the brain?

A

Around 86 trillion

33
Q

How fast does a message for action travel?

A

250 mph from your brain to your muscles

34
Q

How does the brain learn how to drive a car and process information?

A
  • First, we have to make sure that our body is in working order, with no conscious involvement in our part
  • Then, there are things we are aware of
  • The magnitude and speed of data processing needed to do all this are stunning
35
Q

What are the two separate parts of the brain?

A

Hemispheres

36
Q

What are the hemispheres connected by?

37
Q

What are tracts also known as?

A

Cerebral commissures

38
Q

What is the largest cerebral commissure?

A

Corpus callosum

39
Q

What does the corpus callosum do?

A

Connects the two hemispheres like glue

40
Q

What is the layer of tissue that covers the hemispheres?

A

Cerebral cortex

Biological Psychology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions