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Neuro Virus > Neuro Virus > Flashcards

Neuro Virus Flashcards

1
Q

Rabies virus family

A

Rhabdo- negative ssRNA virus with enveloped helical capsid that carries an RNA dependent RNA polymerase

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2
Q

rabies transmission

A

saliva

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3
Q

number 1 carrier of rabies in KY

A

skunk

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4
Q

two types of rabies

A

encephalic or paralytic

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5
Q

rabies vaccine (Pasteur)

A

inactivated vaccine from neural tissue, which can lead to anti-myelin issues

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6
Q

rabies vaccine US

A

inactive or whole killed vaccine from chicken or duck eggs. 0,7,21,28 schedule- less issues

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7
Q

who gets rabies PEP

A

vets, researchers, endemic country travelers to countries with the spinal cord vaccine

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8
Q

Tick Vector Arboviruses

A

Colorado tick virus, Poswassan virus, Tick Borne Encephalitits

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9
Q

Colorado Tick fever

A

Reovirus- febrile biphasic, Kids get encephalitis and adults get prolonged fatigue

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10
Q

Mosquito Vector Arboviruses

A

Lacross/ California Ecncephalitits, Easter and Western Equine Virus, St. Louis Encephalitits, West Nile Virus, japanese Encephalitits, Yellow Fever, Dengue, Zika, Chikanguya

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11
Q

La Cross/ California Encephalitits

A

Bunya virus. Most severe is under 16 years old. Neuroinvasive

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12
Q

Eastern and Western Equine Virus

A

Toga virus, increased case fatality. Seizures, personality disorders, intellectual impairment

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13
Q

St. Louis Encephalitits-

A

Flavivirus- children get meningitis and adults get encephalitis.

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14
Q

West Nile Virus

A

flavi virus- peak is in July to October- Neuroinvasivness increases with age. Encephalitis or acute flaccid myelititis, meningitis

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15
Q

Yellow Fever

A

flavivirus, hits the second zone of the liver, can bleed for various sites. Black vommit. Congo and Brazil are endemic

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16
Q

yellow fever vaccine

A

live attenuated vaccine. Self limited encephalitis or viscerotropic reaction from underlying disease state

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17
Q

Dengue

A

flavi virus first time is asymptomatic, but when infected again get severe infection from the increase in availability of monocyte to infect which increases the viral load

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18
Q

Zika

A

flavi virus- causes Gillian barre and birth defect. Fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis increase risk of first trimester. Spreads through mosquito or sex

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19
Q

Chickunguanya

A

explodes once population is no longer immune. Severe joint pain is the major symptoms

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20
Q

Picorna virus

A

RNA virus with positive sense RNA naked. Early summer and fall

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21
Q

which type of cells are most important to clearing picorna

A

B cells

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22
Q

asymptomatic polio

A

no clear signs of infection

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23
Q

abortive polio

A

majority of symptomatic disease. Incubation 9-12 days. Fever, headache, malaise, sore throat, vomiting. Usually only suspect polio during an outbreak. Sickness lasts les than a week and complete recovery

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24
Q

non-paralytic polio

A

aseptic meningitis- just like the minigitis cuased by other enterovirus. Have the symptoms of abortive poliomyelitis but perhaps a bit more severe and have symptoms of neck, back and limb.
• There is no paralysis, symptoms last 2-10days

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25
Q

paralytic polio

A

have symptoms of abortive poliomyletitis, defervescence and then symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitits 2-5 days later. Adults don’t have biphasic course but prolonged prodromal stage. The virus travels through the peripheral nerves to the CNS or crosses the blood brain barrier for the entry into the CNS. The virus replicates in the motor neurosn of the anterior horn of the brain stem. The destruction of the neurons also leads to inflammation and influx of immune cells. The virus does not replicate in the muscle.

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26
Q

spinal polio

A

motor neurons are lost so decreased reflexes and flaccid paralysis

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27
Q

bulbar polio

A

CN involvement with polio

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28
Q

post- polio

A

new motor recruitment overtime so less motor weakness but distributed differently

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29
Q

Salk vaccine

A

inactivated but no mucosal immunity so spread of disease

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30
Q

Sabin vaccine

A

oral live attenuated vaccine- gut inactivates it so no spread, but can get polio

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31
Q

which type of picorna virus causes polio

A

polio, E71

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32
Q

which type of picorna meningitis/encephalitis

A

Coxsackie A and B, echo

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33
Q

which type of picorna myocarditits

A

Coxsackie B

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34
Q

which type of picorna pleurodynia

A

Coxsackie B- intercostal inflammation

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35
Q

which type of picorna virus causes HFMD

A

Coxsackie A and EV71

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36
Q

which type of picorna virus causes herpangina

A

Coxsackie A- painful ulcerated soft palate

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37
Q

which type of picorna virus causes respiratory

A

Ev68 and others

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38
Q

Which type of picorna virus causes acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

A

EV 70, Coxsackie A- very contagious in crowded areas

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39
Q

which type of picorna virus causes generalized infection of newborns

A

echo, coxsackie B- fulminant hepatitis or myocarditis

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40
Q

Bunya

A

segmental, helical virus, negative sense RNA virus, enveloped

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41
Q

Crimean Congo Fever

A

Bunya, tick bites from infected livestock.

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42
Q

Rift Valley Fever

A

mosquitos to animal to human- meningoencephalitis

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43
Q

Hantavirus US form

A

US is the pulmonary from inhaled rat dropping. Damage to endothelial cells so there is vascular leaking. Virus does not kill the endothelial cells

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44
Q

Hantavirus European

A

it is the renal form, and it causes endothelial damage but not vascular leaking occurs

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45
Q

Arena Virus

A

LCMV and Lassa

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46
Q

LCMV

A

from mouse droppings can cause lots of miscarriages

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47
Q

Lassa

A

very fatal during pregnancy Mild is general weakness, fever, malaise can go to hypertension and shock. Hearing loss is the most common. Its from rate urine or exposure to body fluids.

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48
Q

Filovirus

A

SSRNA negative, helical, enveloped

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49
Q

Marburg

A

uganda strain may be from the fruit bat

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50
Q

Ebola transmission

A

through touching dead or highly viremic patients tends to duo from bats.

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51
Q

ebola symptoms

A

fever, fatigue, muscle pain, vomitting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hemorrhage

52
Q

ebola pathophysiology

A

infects and kills endothelial and organ cells causing shock and electrolyte imbalances

53
Q

ebola sequelae

A

can effect eyes, MSK pain, abdominal pain

54
Q

TORCH infections

A

infections acquired in utero/during birth causing fetal and neonatal mortality and contribute to childhood morbidity. Toxoplasmosis, other (syphillis, parvo B19, VZV), rubella, CMV, HSV

55
Q

congenital manifestations of CMV

A

periventricular intracranial calficifactions, microcephaly, thrombocytopenia

56
Q

congenital manifestations of herpes simplex

A

mucocutaneous vesicles or scarring, CSF pelocytosis, thrombocytopenia, elevated lvier transmainases, conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis

57
Q

congenital manifestations rubella

A

cataracts, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, congenital heart disease, radiolucent bone disease, sensorineural hearing loss

58
Q

congenital syphillis

A

skeletal abnormalities, pseudoparalysis, persistent rhinitis, maculopapular

59
Q

congential toxoplasmosis

A

intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis, unexplained mononucelar CSF pleocytosis or elevated CSF protein

60
Q

congenital varicella

A

cicatricial or vesicular skin lesions, limb hypoplasia

61
Q

toxoplasmosis buzz words

A

hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, purpura, intracranial calcifcations, chorioretinitis, , may develop symptoms laetrile chorioreitinitis or vision loss, intellectual disability, deafness, seizures, motor and cerebellar dysfunction

62
Q

CMV buzz words

A

petichiaw, blueberry muffin rash jaundice, choriorenitinits

63
Q

CMV lab studies

A

CMV n the DNA, isolation of virus in the urine and saliva

64
Q

CMV sequela

A

hearing loss, microcephaly, intracranial calcifications and chorioretinitis

65
Q

congenital rubella

A

bilateral cataracts, salt and pepper retina, purpuric rash, usually more defects in first trimester. Structural cardiac and eye defects

66
Q

Congenital Varicella

A

low birth weight, moderate fever, body aches, reddish papillose, lower extremity scarring, hypopplastic toes, serizures

67
Q

congenital varicella physical finding

A

cicatricial scarring, hypoplastic

68
Q

congenital syphillus

A

maculopapular rash, peeling lesions on palms, hepatosplenomegaly, palpable LN. Many are asymptomatic at birth. Moth eaten bones

69
Q

which lymphadenopathy is suggestive of congenital syphillus

A

epitrochlear lymphadenopathy

70
Q

Late congenital signs

A

frontal bossing, saddle nose, snuffles, circumroal rash, Hutchinson teeth (notched), intersitital keratitis

71
Q

neonatal HSV

A

bullous lesions with erythematous bases, large areas of denuded skin over lower back and butt, symmetric growth restriction, redness in the eyes, redness, periventricular calcifications, seizure

72
Q

disseminated symptoms of HSV neonatal

A

fever/hyperthermia

73
Q

parvovirus B19 fifth disease during pregnancy

A

can cause hydrops fetalis.

74
Q

hepatitis B what to do if the baby is born

A

treat with hep B vaccine.

75
Q

what to do if the baby is born with HIV

A

start wit zidovudine within 6-12 hours

76
Q

fried egg cells

A

oligodendroma

77
Q

Negri bodies

A

rabies

78
Q

intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions

A

measles post encephalitis

79
Q

methylmalonic acid

A

causes B12 neuropathy peripherally

80
Q

NPH

A

wet, wobbly, wacky

81
Q

physiostigmine

A

helps to increase stop the antimuscarinic by giving the anticholinesterase

82
Q

menactra

A

it does not cover B capsule

83
Q

diffuse muscle- rusty nail

A

tetanus- neutoxic inhibition of the inhibitory neurons in the CNS

84
Q

kid, headache, vomiting ataxia, enhancing cerebellar mas, small blue cell tumor, Homer- Wright rosettes

A

medulloblastoma

85
Q

fried egg appearance

A

oligodendroma- myelination of the CNS

86
Q

Psammoma bodies and whorls

A

meningioma

87
Q

liver enzymes increased and coffee ground vomit

A

yellow fever- mosquito vector

88
Q

LMN signs

A

fasiculation, decreased reflexes, atrophy

89
Q

L4

A

illiopsoas and quadriceps, decreased patella reflex, sensory anmormal, keen and medial lower leg

90
Q

L5

A

weak dorsiflexion, big toe, for version and inversion, sensory on dorm of the foot and big toe

91
Q

S1

A

achilles reflex- lateral foot, small toe, bottom of the foot

92
Q

T4

A

nipple

93
Q

T10

A

umbilicus

94
Q

thiamine deficiency

A

confusion, opthalamoplegia, ataxia, amnesia

95
Q

folate deficiency

A

macrocytic anemia, cognitive impairment, depression

96
Q

copper deficiency

A

myeloneuropathy, long tracts effected, dorsal collumns, neuropathy

97
Q

zinc toxicity

A

it causes copper deficiency

98
Q

vitamine E deficiency

A

myopathy, spinocerebellar ataxia, neuropathy

99
Q

cape like distribution of loss of pain and temperature

A

syringomyelia

100
Q

anterior cord syndrome

A

ischemic lesions of posterior column is spared

101
Q

subacute combined degeneration

A

B12 is the cause damage to the dorsal collumn

102
Q

tensilon test

A

Myasthenia Gravis testing

103
Q

oligoclonal bands on the CSF

A

MS

104
Q

PML

A

altered mental status and focal neurons. Increase protein and normal glucose in the CSF. JC virus of suppressed people

105
Q

Huntington

A

CAG repeats in the gene

106
Q

modafidil

A

narcolepsy to help stay awake

107
Q

stigmines

A

used to treat myasthenia gravis

108
Q

narcolepsy type 1

A

has cataplexy and deficiency of hypoxcein, and orcein. lose muscle tone after emotional stimulus

109
Q

narcolepsy type 2

A

without cataplexy

110
Q

Na channel blocker AED

A

lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin

111
Q

GABA blocker AED

A

benzos and barbituates

112
Q

K channel blocker AED

A

retigabine- turns people blue

113
Q

Ca channel blocker AED

A

ethosuximide, gabapentin

114
Q

synaptic protein modulation AED

A

levetiricetam

115
Q

trigmeninal cephalgia

A

lamotrigine

116
Q

cluster headache treatment

A

o2 and prednisone

117
Q

pentamidine

A

used for sleeping sickness and pneumocystis jerovicci

118
Q

endemic polio countries

A

Nigeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan

119
Q

C5

A

the deltoid

120
Q

C6

A

biceps

121
Q

C7

A

the triceps

122
Q

C8

A

the small muscles of the hand

123
Q

treatment of Restless Leg Syndrome

A

Remove offending agents
Caffeine, alcohol, benadryl, SSRIs/SNRIs
Check for a nonanemic iron deficiency with serum ferritin level
Try gabapentin or dopamine agonists (ropinirole, pramipexole)

124
Q

idiopathic hypersomnia

A

sleep inertia, autonomic behavior, long naps are unrefreshing

125
Q

narcolepsy treatment

A

Stimulants (modafinil/armodafinil)
Sedative hypnotics (sodium oxybate, benzodiazepines)
SSRIs/TCAs

126
Q

medications that can disrupt sleep

A

beta blockers, gabapentin, opiates, neuroepiletics, diphenhydramine, SSRI, Alcohol, opiotes, msucle relaxants, alcohol

Neuro Virus (1 decks)

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