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Nursing 6 Midterm > Neuro/Sensory > Flashcards

Neuro/Sensory Flashcards

0
Q

CN 10 -Vagus

A
  1. Slow HR Vagal stimulation decreases HR
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1
Q

CN 7 - Facial

A

Puffing out the cheeks

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2
Q

Causes of Paralysis

A
  1. Spinal Cord Injury
  2. Stroke
  3. Birth Defects
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3
Q

Spinal Shock

-Description

A
  1. Characterized by the absence of all voluntary and reflex actifity below level of injury
  2. Usually lasts less than 48 hrs
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4
Q

Spinal Shock

-S/S

A
  1. Flaccid Paralysis
  2. Loss of reflex activity below level of injury
  3. Bradycardia & Hypotension
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5
Q

Neurogenic Shock

A
  1. Type of shock that occurs after spinal cord injury that results in a massive vasodilation leading to pooling of blood, hypoperfusion, and impaired cellular metabolism
  2. Treated w/ fluids
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6
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia

-Patho

A
  1. Exagerated Sympathetic response below injury when injury is around T6.
  2. No message is communicated due to dammage
  3. Heart Rate Slows down to compensate for vasoconstriction
  4. Vasoconstriction below injury and vasodilation above level of injury.
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7
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia

-Treatment /Causes

A
  1. PREVENTION
  2. Caused by distended bladder or impacted rectum
    TREAT
  3. SIT UP IMMEDIATELY
  4. Remove aggravating factor
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8
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia

-S/S

A
  1. Sudden onset, severe throbbing headache
  2. Severe HTN
  3. Flushing above injury, Pale below injury
  4. Nasal Stuffiness
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9
Q

Traumatic Brain Injury

-Assessments

A
  1. Neuro Check

- Pupillary response PERLA, A/A x4, CSM, GCS, V/S

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10
Q

GCS

-Measuring

A
  1. Eye 1-4
  2. Verbal 1-5
  3. Motor 1-6

8-9 Make sure airway is open.. Possible intubation

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11
Q

Components that contribute to ICP

A
  1. Cerebral Spinal Fluid
  2. Brain
  3. Blood
    ICP is a measurement of these three factors
    Can be measured w/ Transducer
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12
Q

IICP

-Interventions

A
  1. Raise HOB to 30 degrees
  2. MRI, CT, Intra-ventricular Catheter
  3. NO LUMBAR PUNCTURE (can cause herniation)
    ___
    -Maintain Oxygenation w/ light hyperoxygenation to maintain paco2 to 35
    -Maintain SBP from 100-160 and frequent neuro checks and V/S
    -CPP above 70 is ideal
    -Adequate sedation to prevent seizure activity and minimize O2 needs
    -LIMIT brain stimulation
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13
Q

Response to IICP

A
  1. CSF shunts down first CT doesn’t show ventricles
  2. Vasoconstriction to decrease blood flow to the Brain
  3. Brain Tissue Herniates

Normal ICP is from 0-15

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14
Q

Monroe-Kelley Hypothesis ICP

A
  1. If Brain tissue, CSF, or Blood increases, one of the other factors must decrease to make room for change.
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15
Q

Causes of IICP

A
  1. Increased Venous and Arterial Pressures
  2. Inter-abdominal or Inter-thoracic Pressure. (Coughing)
  3. Increase Temperature increases metabolic
  4. Increase CO2 Causes Vasodilation
16
Q

Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPP

A
  1. Must be maintained at a level above 50 (MAP - ICP)
17
Q

IICP

-Meds

A
  1. Osmotic Diuretics or loop diuretics
    -Limit production of CSF
  2. CorticoSteroids
    -Used for Trauma, brain injury to decrease CSF and inflammation
    3.
18
Q

Types of Cerebral Bleeds

A
  1. Epidural is worst

2. Subdural can be fixed and bleeds slower

19
Q

IICP

-Late Sign?

A
  1. Cushings Triad is a late sign of IICP
    - Increased BP
    - Decrease HR
    - Irregular or increased breathing
20
Q

Neuro Check

A
  1. Check Pupils
  2. CSM
  3. GCS
  4. Reflexes
21
Q

IICP & Morphine

A
  1. Morphine causes vasodilation which would increase ICP
22
Q

CAGE – Alcohol Withdrawal Warning Signs

A
  1. C- Cut Down.. Do you or anyone else feel you should cut down alcohol use
  2. A- Annoyed.. Do you get annoyed or angry when people talk about your alcohol use?
  3. G - Do you ever feel guilty about your drinking?
  4. E- Eye Opener.. Do you drink early in the morning upon awaking
23
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

-Treatment

A
  1. Ativan, Possible alcohol
  2. Banana bag
    - IV bag that includes electrolytes, vitamines, minerals, thiamine, folic acid
24
Q

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A
  1. Usually preceded by a mild upper respiratory infection or gastroenteritis
  2. Slow recovery process that can take years.
  3. Gradual progressive weakness of upper extremities and facial muscles
  4. PRIORITY is difficulty breathing::: MONITOR RESPIRATORY STATUS CLOSELY
25
Q

Parkinson’s Disease

A
  1. Degenerative disease caused by depletion of dopamine
  2. Slow, progressive disease that results in a crippling diability and death
  3. Assess neuro status and SWALLOW AND CHEW –Aspiration–
    Fall risk
26
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A
  1. Chronic, progressive, non contagious degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by de-myelinization of neurons
  2. Consists of periods of REMISSIONS & EXACERBATIONS

Nursing 6 Midterm (3 decks)

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