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POM > Neuro POM > Flashcards

Neuro POM Flashcards

1
Q

tearing of cortical bridging veins

A

subdural hematoma

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2
Q

arterial blood between skull and dura

A

epidural hematoma

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3
Q

middle meningeal artery rupture

A

epidural hematoma

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4
Q

temporal bone fracture at site of pterion

A

epidural hematoma

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5
Q

blunt trauma which causes contra-croup bleeding

A

subdural hematoma

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6
Q

convex (lens) shaped bleed on CT

A

epidural hematoma

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7
Q

concave/cresent shape bleed on CT

A

subdural hematoma

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8
Q

imbalance of ACH and dopamine

A

parkinsons

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9
Q

loss of pigment cells in substantia nigra replaced with levy bodies

A

parkinsons

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10
Q

pill rolling tremor

A

parkinsons

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11
Q

triad of rigidity, resting tremor and bradykinesia

A

parkinsons

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12
Q

early signs are behavioral, fidgetiness and late signs are chorea and dystonic movements

A

huntingtons

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13
Q

CT scan shows cerebral and caudate nucleus atrophy

A

huntingtons

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14
Q

spasticity, hyperrreflexia, congenital heart defects

A

cerebral palsy

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15
Q

due to cerebral injury before birth, during delivery or prenatal period

A

cerebral palsy

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16
Q

motor tics most common in

A

Tourette’s

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17
Q

onset usually <21y/o, possibly genetic inheritance, left hand hand male dominance

A

Tourette’s

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18
Q

tx options for Tourette’s

A

habit reversal therapy first, then dopamine blockers or alpha adrenergic

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19
Q

tremor most common in upper extremities and head

A

essential tremor

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20
Q

tremor worsened with emotional stress & intentional movement and improved by alcohol

A

essential tremor

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21
Q

tx for essential tremor

A

propanolol

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22
Q

uncomfortable sensation at legs thats worse at night

A

restless leg syndrome

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23
Q

treatment for restless leg syndrome

A

dopamine agonist - pramipexole, ropinrole

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24
Q

kayser-felscher ring, basal ganglia dysfunction leads to Parkinsonism

A

Wilson’s disease

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25
Q

peripheral demyelination associated with C. jejuni

A

Gillian-barre

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26
Q

acute symmetric ascending weakness, loss of DTR

A

Gillian-barre

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27
Q

dysautonomia, LP shoes albumincytolocial disassociation

A

elevated protein & normal WBC - Gillian Barre

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28
Q

acute onset of opthalmoplegia (eye movement paralysis), ataxia, loss of DTR

A

miller fisher syndrome - GBS variant

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29
Q

autoimmune attack against Ach receptors at neuromuscular junction

A

myasthenia gravis

30
Q

thymoma associated with

A

myasthenia gravis

31
Q

ocular weakness, diplopia and ptosis

A

myasthenia gravis

32
Q

neck weakness, bulbar (oropharyngeal) weakness with prolonged chewing

A

myasthenia gravis

33
Q

diagnostic tests for myasthenia gravis

A

achr antibodies, musk antibodies, Edrophonium test, ice pack test

34
Q

first line tx for myasthenia gravis

A

pyridostigmine

35
Q

myasthenia crisis tx

A

IVIG and plasmapheresis

36
Q

lesions disseminated in time and space

A

multiple sclerosis

37
Q

CNS demyelination of white matter –> UMN symptoms like spasticity and + babinski

A

MS

38
Q

most common presentation of MS (timeline wise)

A

relapsing remitting - episodic exacerbations

39
Q

neck flexion causes lightning shock pain radiating from spine down the leg

A

Lhermitte’s sign - MS

40
Q

sensory deficits include pain, fatigue, paresteshias in the limbs & worsen with heat

A

MS - sensory deficits and uhthoff’s phenomenon

41
Q

first line tx of acute MS exacerbation

A

High dose IV/PO methylprednisolone

42
Q

disease modifying MS drugs

A

interferons & Glatiramer acetate

43
Q

immunomodulating MS drugs

A

Natalizumab

44
Q

CSF shows oligoclonal bands in protein

A

MS

45
Q

MRI diagnostic of choice and shows areas with white plaques and BBB breakdown

A

MS

46
Q

UMN & LMN symptoms

A

ALS

47
Q

slow developing asymmetric weakness and linear progression of symptoms without remission

A

ALS

48
Q

spasticity, hyperreflexia, fasciculation’s & progressive weakness & atrophy

A

ALS

49
Q

this drug gives 3 month survival improvement with ALS

A

Riluzole

50
Q

sharp, shooting stabbing electric pain unilateral face

A

trigeminal neuralgia

51
Q

tx for trigemenial neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

52
Q

sudden onset unilateral facial paralysis - forehead paralysis

A

bell’s palsy

53
Q

sudden onset unilateral facial paralysis, forehead included

A

stroke

54
Q

HSV reactivation leads to inflammation and demyelination and paralysis

A

bells palsy

55
Q

tx for bells palsy

A

glucocorticoid and eye care - lubricant and taping shut

56
Q

exclusion criteria for Chronic fatigue syndrome

A

medical condition, Major depressive disorder, anorexia, substance abuse, severe obesity

57
Q

only helpful therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome & their goal

A

change perception of fatigue and reduce focus on symptoms - chronic behavioral therapy and graded exercise therapy

58
Q

required to diagnose chronic fatigue syndrome

A

= or > 4 for 6 months: sore throat, tender lymph nodes, new headaches, unrefreshing sleep, muscle pain, malaise after exertion, memory impairment, pain in several joints

59
Q

most common form of dementia

A

Alzheimer’s disease

60
Q

short term memory loss progresses to progressive memory loss and other cognitive deficits

A

Alzheimers

61
Q

neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein and amyloid deposition

A

Alzheimer’s

62
Q

drug of choice for symptomatic Alzheimers

A

cholinesterase inhibitors - donepezril

63
Q

disease modifying drug for alzheimers

A

memantine - NMDA receptor agonist

64
Q

Reversible causes of dementia

A

heavy metal (copper & lead), electrolytes, glucose, calcium, hypothyroid, B12, drug & alcohol

65
Q

urinary incontinence, gait disturbance, dementia/memory loss

A

normal pressure hydrocephalus

66
Q

abnormal buildup of CSF due to decreased absorption resulting from SAH, trauma, infection, surgery etc

A

normal pressure hydrocephalus

67
Q

increased intracranial CSF pressure without other cause

A

idiopathic intracranial HTN aka pseudo tumor cerebri

68
Q

HA worse with straining, visual changes, papilledema, overweight young woman

A

idiopathic intracranial HTN

69
Q

TX for idiopathic intracranial HTN

A

acetazolamide

70
Q

TX for normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

VP shunt

POM (1 decks)

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