Neuro-oncology Flashcards
Where does the cerebrum originate from (embryologically)
Telencephalon
What are the 6 lobes of the cerebral hemispheres
Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Insular Limbic
What does the precentral gyrus contain
frontal
Primary motor area
What does the middle frontal gyrus contain
frontal
frontal eye fields which control contralateral voluntary eye movements
what does the inferior frontal gyrus contain
(frontal
Broca speech area
- language production
- causes expressive dysphasia
- patient comprehends words but can’t form sentences
What does the post central gyrus contain
parietal
contains the primary somatosensory area
What does the inferior parietal lobe
parietal
damage to this area causes normal aphasia
- problems recalling words, names and numbers
What does the superior temporal gyrus contain
temporal
auditory area
contains Wernicke’s speech area
-causes receptive dysphasia
- problems processing information rather than producing words
What does the occipital lobe contain
visual cortex
What functions does the limbic system have
higher emotional functions
major component of memory system
Where does the cerebellum originate embryologically
Metencephalon
What re the 3 functional components of the cerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum
What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum
maintains balance and coordinates vestibule-ocular reflexes
What is the function of the Spinocerebellum
maintains muscle tone
posture and gait
What is the function of the Cerebrocerebellum
coordination of voluntary motor activity
corrects any errors in movement so occur smoothly
What does the acronym DANISH stand for
Dysdiadochokinesia Atiaxia Nystagmus Intention tremor Scanning Dysarthria Hypotonia
What is Dysdiadochokinesia
impairment of rapid alternating movements
- alternating pronation and supination of the hand
Which 3 structures are embryologically derived from the Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Subthalamus
What does a thalamic infarction cause?
hemiparesis
spontaneous pain
hemichorea
severe impairment of consciousness
What is the general function of the thalamus
Relay centre
Which 3 systems does the hypothalamus influence
Autonomic NS
Endocrine system
Limbic system
What do lesions of the sub thalamus cause
Contralateral hemiballism
Which structures are contained in the basal ganglia
Caudate Nucleus
Putamen
Globus Apllidus
What main function does the basal ganglia have
excitatory or inhibitory effects on motor cortex
