Neuro Meds

Question 1

What is a muscle spasm?

Answer 1

An involuntary, painful, sudden muscle contraction that occurs with musculoskeletal trauma or inflammation

Question 2

What is muscle spasticity?

Answer 2

Involves muscle contraction or tone and stiff, awkward movements

Question 3

What is the prototype drug for muscle spasms?

Answer 3

baclofen (Lioresal)

Question 4

What are the 4 therapeutic uses of baclofen?

Answer 4

CP, MS, muscle pain, spinal cord injuries,

Question 5

List common 8 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of baclofen

Answer 5

Confusion, Constipation, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Fatigue, Nausea/Vomiting, Urinary Retention, Weakness

Question 6

What should be monitored (3 things) during the administration of dantrolene?

Answer 6

CNS effects, diarrhea, liver function tests (LFTs)

Question 7

What are the 5 therapeutic uses of dantrolene? (Think disease/symptoms/conditions)

Answer 7

CP, CVA, MS Malignant hyperthermia, spasticity from spinal cord injuries

Question 8

What is the definition of a seizure?

Answer 8

A brief episode of abnormal electrical activity in nerve cells of the brain

Question 9

What defines epilepsy?

Answer 9

Recurrent seizures

Question 10

What is status epilepticus?

Answer 10

A life-threatening emergency characterized by generalized tonic-clonic convulsions lasting several minutes

Question 11

What are the 4 types of generalized seizures?

Answer 11

Absence, Akinetic, Myoclonic,Tonic-Clonic

Question 12

What is the prototype traditional antiepileptic drug?

Answer 12

phenytoin (Dilantin)

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action of phenytoin (Dilantin)?

Answer 13

Suppress sodium uptake in neurons, reducing neuronal activity in seizure-generating cells

Question 14

List common 3 adverse effects of phenytoin (Dilantin)

Answer 14

CNS depression, Gingival hyperplasia, Skin rash (SJS)

Question 15

What is the boxed warning for phenytoin (Dilantin)?

Answer 15

Do not give IV too quickly; risk of cardiac collapse

Question 16

What should be monitored for patients on carbamazepine?

Answer 16

Complete blood count (CBC) and skin reactions

Question 17

What is the prototype for newer antiepileptic drugs?

Answer 17

Levetiracetam (Keppra)

Question 18

What are common nursing considerations for most antiepileptic drugs?

Answer 18

Some form of contraceptive, awareness of CNS depression, avoidance of alcohol and driving

Question 19

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

Answer 19

Flumazenil

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The therapeutic use of valproic acid includes _______.

Answer 20

All seizure types, mania, prevention of migraine headaches

Question 21

What is the primary action of benzodiazepines in seizure management?

Answer 21

Enhance inhibitory effects of GABA

Question 22

What are the common ADRs of gabapentin?

Answer 22

• Dizziness * Drowsiness * Ataxia * Respiratory depression

Question 23

What should clients be educated about when taking antiepileptic drugs?

Answer 23

Potential for adverse effects and what to watch for

Question 24

What is Baclofen used for?

Answer 24

Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasms.

Question 25

What class of drug is Dantrolene?

Answer 25

Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant.

Question 26

Phenytoin is primarily used to treat which condition?

Answer 26

Phenytoin is primarily used to treat seizures.

Question 27

Carbamazepine is commonly prescribed for which type of disorder?

Answer 27

Carbamazepine is commonly prescribed for epilepsy and bipolar disorder.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: ___________ is often used for seizure control and mood stabilization.

Answer 28

Valproic Acid

Question 29

What is the main use of Phenobarbital?

Answer 29

Phenobarbital is used to control seizures.

Question 30

Levetiracetam is mainly indicated for which medical condition?

Answer 30

Levetiracetam is mainly indicated for epilepsy.

Question 31

Gabapentin is primarily used to treat what kind of pain?

Answer 31

Gabapentin is primarily used to treat neuropathic pain.

Question 32

True or False: Lorazepam is an anxiolytic medication.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

List three medications that are used to treat seizures.

Answer 33

* Phenytoin * Carbamazepine * Levetiracetam

Question 34

What is a common side effect of muscle relaxants like Baclofen and Dantrolene?

Answer 34

Drowsiness

Question 35

Fill in the blank: ___________ is a medication that can be used for both epilepsy and mood stabilization.

Answer 35

Carbamazepine

Question 36

What type of drug is Gabapentin?

Answer 36

Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant.

Question 37

What condition is Valproic Acid primarily used to treat?

Answer 37

Valproic Acid is primarily used to treat epilepsy.

Question 38

True or False: Phenobarbital is not effective for seizure control.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

What is the mechanism of action for Dantrolene?

Answer 39

Dantrolene works by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle.