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ATI Nursing Pharmacology > Neuro Meds > Flashcards

Neuro Meds Flashcards

1
Q

What is a muscle spasm?

A

An involuntary, painful, sudden muscle contraction that occurs with musculoskeletal trauma or inflammation

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2
Q

What is muscle spasticity?

A

Involves muscle contraction or tone and stiff, awkward movements

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3
Q

What is the prototype drug for muscle spasms?

A

baclofen (Lioresal)

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4
Q

What are the 4 therapeutic uses of baclofen?

A

CP, MS, muscle pain, spinal cord injuries,

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5
Q

List common 8 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of baclofen

A

Confusion, Constipation, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Fatigue, Nausea/Vomiting, Urinary Retention, Weakness

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6
Q

What should be monitored (3 things) during the administration of dantrolene?

A

CNS effects, diarrhea, liver function tests (LFTs)

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7
Q

What are the 5 therapeutic uses of dantrolene? (Think disease/symptoms/conditions)

A

CP, CVA, MS Malignant hyperthermia, spasticity from spinal cord injuries

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8
Q

What is the definition of a seizure?

A

A brief episode of abnormal electrical activity in nerve cells of the brain

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9
Q

What defines epilepsy?

A

Recurrent seizures

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10
Q

What is status epilepticus?

A

A life-threatening emergency characterized by generalized tonic-clonic convulsions lasting several minutes

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11
Q

What are the 4 types of generalized seizures?

A

Absence, Akinetic, Myoclonic,Tonic-Clonic

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12
Q

What is the prototype traditional antiepileptic drug?

A

phenytoin (Dilantin)

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action of phenytoin (Dilantin)?

A

Suppress sodium uptake in neurons, reducing neuronal activity in seizure-generating cells

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14
Q

List common 3 adverse effects of phenytoin (Dilantin)

A

CNS depression, Gingival hyperplasia, Skin rash (SJS)

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15
Q

What is the boxed warning for phenytoin (Dilantin)?

A

Do not give IV too quickly; risk of cardiac collapse

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16
Q

What should be monitored for patients on carbamazepine?

A

Complete blood count (CBC) and skin reactions

17
Q

What is the prototype for newer antiepileptic drugs?

A

Levetiracetam (Keppra)

18
Q

What are common nursing considerations for most antiepileptic drugs?

A

Some form of contraceptive, awareness of CNS depression, avoidance of alcohol and driving

19
Q

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

A

Flumazenil

20
Q

Fill in the blank: The therapeutic use of valproic acid includes _______.

A

All seizure types, mania, prevention of migraine headaches

21
Q

What is the primary action of benzodiazepines in seizure management?

A

Enhance inhibitory effects of GABA

22
Q

What are the common ADRs of gabapentin?

A
  • Dizziness * Drowsiness * Ataxia * Respiratory depression
23
Q

What should clients be educated about when taking antiepileptic drugs?

A

Potential for adverse effects and what to watch for

24
Q

What is Baclofen used for?

A

Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasms.

25
Q

What class of drug is Dantrolene?

A

Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant.

26
Q

Phenytoin is primarily used to treat which condition?

A

Phenytoin is primarily used to treat seizures.

27
Q

Carbamazepine is commonly prescribed for which type of disorder?

A

Carbamazepine is commonly prescribed for epilepsy and bipolar disorder.

28
Q

Fill in the blank: ___________ is often used for seizure control and mood stabilization.

A

Valproic Acid

29
Q

What is the main use of Phenobarbital?

A

Phenobarbital is used to control seizures.

30
Q

Levetiracetam is mainly indicated for which medical condition?

A

Levetiracetam is mainly indicated for epilepsy.

31
Q

Gabapentin is primarily used to treat what kind of pain?

A

Gabapentin is primarily used to treat neuropathic pain.

32
Q

True or False: Lorazepam is an anxiolytic medication.

A

True

33
Q

List three medications that are used to treat seizures.

A
  • Phenytoin
  • Carbamazepine
  • Levetiracetam
34
Q

What is a common side effect of muscle relaxants like Baclofen and Dantrolene?

A

Drowsiness

35
Q

Fill in the blank: ___________ is a medication that can be used for both epilepsy and mood stabilization.

A

Carbamazepine

36
Q

What type of drug is Gabapentin?

A

Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant.

37
Q

What condition is Valproic Acid primarily used to treat?

A

Valproic Acid is primarily used to treat epilepsy.

38
Q

True or False: Phenobarbital is not effective for seizure control.

A

False

39
Q

What is the mechanism of action for Dantrolene?

A

Dantrolene works by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle.

ATI Nursing Pharmacology (1 decks)

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