Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro > Neuro Intro to SCI > Flashcards

Neuro Intro to SCI Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of traumatic injuries for SCI?

A
  1. Hyperextension
  2. Compression
  3. Flexion rotation
  4. Hyperfelxion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most common type of traumatic damage to a SC lesion in the T-spine? C-spine?

A

Thoracic: Flexion rotation most common nuero damage
Cervical: Hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give an example of MOI for traumatic trauma to C-spine

A

MVA: Especially if headrest isn’t there to prevent neck hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List some types of SCIs that are Non-Traumatic

A
  1. Tumor
  2. Ischemia (which side more susceptible: Ant or Post to SC?)
  3. Congenital malformation (Spina Bifida, Arnold Chiari)
  4. Infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Percentage?

A

C5, C4 or 6, T12

  1. 53% Cervical lesion
  2. 35.6% Thoracic lesions
  3. 10.1% lumbar/sacral lesions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What percentage of SCI pts suffer from a stroke? What s/s would you look for?

A 
11.5% have TBI
Signs and Symptoms
• HA 
• Nausea 
• Inability to Problems solve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the highest cause of death for SCI pts?

A
  1. 28% Pneumonia/Respiratory disease
  2. 18% Cardiac Disease
  3. 12% Septicemia
  4. 9% Urinary system
  5. 5% Unintentional injury, suicide, etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Do Compression Injuries necessarily equal neurological damage?

A

It may or may not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
  1. What are the demographics for SCI pts?
  2. What is the most frequent age at injury?
  3. What is the avg age?
  4. What is the ratio for male to female?
  5. Education?
A
  1. Most pts are in the 16-30 age group (more than all other groups combined)
  2. 19 yrs
  3. 30 yrs
  4. 4:1
  5. 49.8% have HS diploma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What would be your logic to this data regarding percentage of lesions?

A

The neck is made for mobility NOT stability. Therefore it safe to assume that most injuries would occur at the Cervical level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Because of this rate of TBI what other pathology/syndrome would you suspect several months post injury?

A

Post-Concussion Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the life expectancy of a 20 yr old tetraplegia?

A

Normal Life expectancy: 75.3 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the life expectancy of a 20 yr old Paraplegia?

A

Normal : 75.3 yrs

ASIA A, B, C: ~ 11 yrs less

ASIA A, B, C: ~ 20 YRS LESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is the life expectancy of a 20 yr old that is categorized as ASIA D?

A

Norm 75.3 yrs

ASIA D: ~ 7 yrs less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What does the patient present with when diagnosed with an UMN lesion?

A

Motor and Sensory Loss. Spasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What does the patient present with when diagnosed with an LMN lesion?

A

Motor and Sensory Loss. Flaccidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What does the patient present with when diagnosed with a nerve root injury at level of injury?

A

Pain is frequently present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Could you possibly have a pt with both an UMN and LMN injuries?

A

Yes. i.e. Paraplec with previous brachial plexus injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Describe the events that take place d/t SPINAL SHOCK

A

Transient, flaccid period. SC ceases to function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

How soon does spinal shock begin to resolve?

A

Can begin to resolve within 24 hrs

54
Q

What signals the END of spinal shock?

A

Return of anal and bladder reflexes

55
Q

What has been deemed an important PROGNOSTIC indicator at the end of spinal shock?

A

If Motor and Sensory function is present

56
Q

List three complication regarding temperature regulation in SCI pts

A
  1. inability to cool/warm self below level of lesion
  2. inability to accurately feel temperature below level
  3. inability to make goosebumps or seat below level
59
Q

Between what levels is the Spinal cord reflex center for bowel function located?

A

S2-4

60
Q

Describe UMN Bowel Dysfunction

A

Reflexive Bowel.

Requires suppository + digital stimulation to reflexively empty

62
Q

Describe LMN Bowel Dysfunction

A

Non-intact reflex center, but abdominals working.
Requires attn to diet/fluids.
Schedule bowel programworking.

65
Q

Describe UMN Bladder Dysfunction

A

Reflexive bladder: Mgmt differes depending if emptying is complete or incomplete

66
Q

Describe LMN Bladder Dysfunction

A

Arreflexive: must have limited and scheduled fluid intake; on intermittent catheterization

67
Q

Describe UMN Sexual Dysfunction

A

Males = extremely low fertility rate.
Same reflex center as bladder
Can achieve erection, but maintain and ejaculate is difficult

70
Q

Describe LMN Sexual Dysfunction

A 
Males = flaccidity is biggest obstacle
Females = Would need special obstetrical observation d/t lack of sensation. Pt unable to feel premature contraction/abdominal pain.
72
Q

What are the three highest points of ulcers during inital hospital stay?

A
  1. 40% Sacrum
  2. 16% Heel
  3. 9% Ischium
75
Q

What are the three highest points of ulcers 2 yrs post injury?

A
  1. 31% Ischium
  2. 27% Trochanter
  3. 18% Sacrum
78
Q

Highest risk for contractures; where?

A

Below level of injury

79
Q

List some other musculoskeletal complication of SCI

A
  1. Heterotopic ossification
  2. osteoporosis (Demineralization happens withing days of injury)
  3. Fractures
  4. Scoliosis, abnormal postural curves (may affect lung function)
  5. Unstable spine
  6. Overuse injuries, esp shoulders
85
Q

List five cadio/pulm/circulatory complications

A
  1. Ortho HTN
  2. Decreased vital capacity
  3. Atelectasis
  4. Pneumonia
  5. DVT
90
Q

What is autonomic dysreflexia

A

Can occur with lesions above T5-T6
Because the control of the release of Neuro EPI is no longer under SC control, it can be triggered by visceral stimuli ANS. Once a pt has one; prone to another one

92
Q

What are the s/s for autonomic dysreflexia?

A

HTN
Pounding headace
Seating and red blotchiness above level
Nasal Obstruction

96
Q

What should you do?

A

Create postural hypotension
Check catheter bag for fullness
Tubing for kinks
Call nurse for help

100
Q

R SCI pts more prone to Cardiovascular disease?

A

YES! 228% higher mortality risk (decrease venous return=decrease stroke volume d/t decreased peripheral muscle mass)

101
Q

R SCI pts more prone to DM?

A

Yes 50% of chronic SCI have DM

102
Q

What is adynamic ileus?

A

failure of forward progression of bowel contents d/t to prolonged bedrest/blockage/ or lack of nueral stimulation

103
Q

Is the level of injury related to their ability to adjust?

A

No, not at all.

104
Q

What are the stages of emotional adjustment?

A

SDADR (u should know; think of dad)

105
Q

What are the three types of Cervical Stabilization devices?

A
  1. Halo Vest
  2. SOMI (Sternal Occipital Mandibular Immobilizer
  3. Philadelphia Collar (Least restrictive)
108
Q

What are the three thoracolumbar stabilizing devices?

A
  1. TLSO
  2. Taylor Knight
  3. Jewett (least restrictive; restricts flexion)
111
Q

List what should consist of early PT mgmt of SCI pts?

A
  1. Chest expansion (keep airway clear)
  2. PROM + Positioning (preventative)
  3. Maintain and increase strength in muscles
  4. Functional Training (vertical, orthosis, ADLs)
116
Q

What are the guidlines for pressure relief?

A

60 seconds every 60 minutes

117
Q

What level/s is considered high tetraplegia?

A

C4 and up. C5 iffy

Neuro (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions