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ADAMS > Neuro Disorders Due To Lesions In Specific Parts > Flashcards

Neuro Disorders Due To Lesions In Specific Parts Flashcards

1
Q

Anger and hostility

A

Left dorsofrontal

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2
Q

Anxiety and depression

A

R orbitofrontal

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3
Q

Apathy and lack of initiative

A

Dorsolateral frontal

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4
Q

Facetious & socially inappropriate state

A

Orbital and medial frontal

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5
Q

Greatets cognitive-intellectual deficits

A

Dorsolateral prefrontal

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6
Q

Greatest personality, mood and behavioral changes

A

Medial orbitofrontal

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7
Q

Witzelsucht or moria

A

Inferofrontal

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8
Q

Pathological collecting behavior/ hoarding

A

Medial frontal and cingulate gyri

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9
Q

Compulsive behavior, combativeness and extreme insomnia

A

Caudate-frontal connections

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10
Q

Hyperactivity syndrome or organic driveness seen in children who survived encephalitis lethargica

A

Dorsolateral frontal

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11
Q

Test for kinetic limb apraxia

A

3-step hand posture test of Luria

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12
Q

Reduced attention to c/l visual environment

A

FEF

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13
Q

Upper homonymous quadrantanopsia

A

Geniculocalcarine pathway in the central and posterior parts of temporal lobe;

Meyer’s loop

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14
Q

Kluver Bucy syndrome

A

B/l temporal lobes

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15
Q

Cortical or central deafness

A

B/l transverse gyri of Heschl

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16
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

L superotemporal region

Broca 41, 42

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17
Q

Auditory agnosia

A

Secondary or unimodal association zones of auditory corte

BA 22 and part of BA 21

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18
Q

Amusia

A

Right > left middle temporal gyrus

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19
Q

Impaired recognition of melody and of harmony

A

Right auditory cortex

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20
Q

Word deafness

A

Left temporal lobe

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21
Q

Vestibular disturbances

A

Superior and posterior temporal lobe, posterior to primary auditory cortex

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22
Q

Korsakoff amnesic state

A

Medial temporal lobes

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23
Q

Olfactory hallucinations +/- intellectual aura

A

= Uncinate fits

Uncus or medial part of temporal lobe

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24
Q

Olfaction areas

A

Posterior orbitofrontal
Subcallosal
Anterior temporal
Insular cortex

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25
Q

Taste sensation and alimentary function

A

Posterior insular area

26
Q

Amnesic dysnomia - defect in retrieval of words

A

Large inferolateral part of dominant temporal lobe

27
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Bilateral ventromedial occipitotemporal regions including the inferior occipital or midfusiform gyri

Or

Unilateral lesion, always on the right

28
Q

Touch, pressure, pain, thermal, vibratory & position sense are lost on 1 side of the body or in 1 limb

A

Thalamic lesion and not of a parietal unless a large, acute lesion

29
Q

Gerstmann syndrome

A

Left dominant inferior parietal lobule, particularly the angular gyrusbor subjacent white matter of left hemisphere

30
Q

Visual neglect

A

Right posterior inferior parietal lobe - MCA

Or

Posterior medial temporal lobe - PCA

31
Q

Severe left sided visual neglect

A

Right angular gyrus - MCA

32
Q

Balint syndrome

A

Bilateral disorder of parietal lobes

Or

BA 19 & 7 of parietooccipital regions

33
Q

Topographagnosia

A

White mattter deepbto superior and inferior parietal lobes

34
Q

Auditory neglect

A

Right superior lobule of parietal region

35
Q

Loss of ability to identify objects

A

Bilateral temporal visual zones

36
Q

Loss of ability to locate objects

A

Posterior parietal regions

37
Q

T/F

Optokinetic responses are usually spared in hemianopic deficits of occipital origin

A

True

38
Q

Anton syndrome

A

Visual anosognosia

Beyond stiate cortex to involve visual association areas

39
Q

Cortical blindness

A

Bilateral BA 17

40
Q

Visual illusion of movement

A

Occipital lobes or posterior temporal lobe

41
Q

Illusion of tilting of environment or upside-down vision

A

Parieto-occipital regions or

Vestibular system

42
Q

Elementary visual hallucinations

A

Calcarine cortex - occipital

43
Q

Complex visual hallucinations

A

Visual association areas or their connections with temporal lobes

44
Q

Peduncular hallucinosis of Lhermitte

A

Ischemia in territories of PCA

45
Q

Environmental agnosia

A

Right or bilateral medial temporooccipital regions

46
Q

Central achromatopsia + prosopagnosia

A

Inferomedial, occipital and temporal and lowermost of striate cortex or optic radiation

47
Q

Color anomia

A

Medial part of left hemisphere at junction of occipital and temporal lobes just below the splenium of corpus callosum

48
Q

Visual simultagnosia

A

Inferolateral dominant occipital lobe (BA 18)

49
Q

Spelling dyslexia plus simultagnosia

A

Inferior left occipital lobe

Or

Bilateral superior occipital association cortices

50
Q

Visual part of disconnection syndrome

A

Posterioe part of corpus callosum or splenium

51
Q

Conduction aphasia

A

Central aphasia

Arcuate fasciculus or external capsule or subcortical white matter

52
Q

Ssympathetic apraxia in Broca’s aphasia

A

Fibers connecting the left and right motor association cortices, more anterior partsvof corpus callosum or subcortical white matter underlying broca’s area and contiguous frontal cortex

53
Q

Pure word deafness

A

Left temporal spanning Wernicke’s area

Or
Auditory fibers crossing corpus callosum fr c/l side

Or
Bilateral lesions of auditory cortex

54
Q

Akinetic mutism

A

Bilateral ventromedial frontal regions

Or
Fronto-diencephali connections

55
Q

Lack of motivation plus bradykinesia

A

Bipallidal lesion

56
Q

Lack of motivation plus bradyphrenia

A

Bifrontal lesions

57
Q

Reduced attention to c/l visual environment

A

Frontal eye field

58
Q

Bowel and bladder incontinence

Or
Frequency & urgency of urination

A

Either posterior part of superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus and intervening white matter

59
Q

Gait ataxia or gait apraxia

A

Basal ganglia and its connections with the frontal lobes

60
Q

Pseudobulbar palsy, tetraparesis

A

Bilateral motor cortices

ADAMS (2 decks)

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