Neuro Basics Flashcards
aphasia
inability to process language intelligibly
receptive aphasia
cat understand what is being said (wernikes)
expressive aphasia
cant generate intelligible speech (brocas)
apraxia
impaired planning and sequencing of movements (posterior parietal lobe)
agnosia
inability to recognize objects, people, or other sensory output (occipital and parietal lobe)
impaired executive function
unable to manage goal-directed behavior (frontal lobe)
hemiparesis
weakness on one side of the body
hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of the body
hemianopsia
visual loss on one side of the visual field
spasticity
increased resting muscle tone
neglect
a perceptual deficit rather than a visual one
signs of UMN lesions
- hypereflexia
- spasticity
- babinski
signs of LMN lesions
- flaccidity
- hyporeflexia
- fasciculation
- muscle atrophy
CT scan
- quick and easy to get
- rules out hemorrhage, mass, or early infarct edema
- shows cortical infarcts by 1-2 days (may miss lacunar infarcts)
MRI scan
- highest resolution but longer scanning time
- DWI detects impaired movement of water in infarct immediately
non-invasive view of arterial supply (MRA)
-contraindications: pacemaker
cape
C4-C5
nipple line
T4
xiphoid
T6
umbilicus
T10
groin
T12
patella
L4
Sole and 3rd toe
L5
Glans/clit
S3
anus
S5
