Neuro Assessment Flashcards
Which nodes drain the head and neck?
cervical nodes
Which nodes drain the breast and upper arm?
axillary nodes
Which nodes are in the antecubital fossa and drain the hand and lower arm?
epitrochlear nodes
Which nodes drain the lower extremities, external genitalia, and anterior abdominal wall?
inguinal nodes
Older adults experience what changes with their lymphatic system?
Nodes decrease in number and size and they become fibrotic and fatty
At what age is a child’s lymph system as large as an adult’s?
6 years old, then it grows bigger, and slowly starts to atrophy after puberty
Which of the age groups has the largest lymphatic response?
Children
What are questions you want to ask if someone has swollen nodes or “glands”?
- Where
- How long
- Any recent changes
- Hard or soft
- Painful
- Reddened
What is the term for enlarged lymph nodes?
lymphadenopathy
What is the term for red streaks on the skin due to the lymphatic system?
lymphangitis
What is a collection of fluid in dependent areas of the body due to insufficient lymph drainage?
lymphedema
Nodes greater than what size should be of concern?
1 cm
Should your nodes be mobile or fixed?
mobile
If a node is tender, firm, and often matted what is the likely cause?
Inflammation
If a node is small, soft, nontender, but well demarcated is it likely cancerous or benign?
benign
When is a node likely cancerous?
When it’s large, nontender, matted, and rock hard
*the harder and more discrete the more concerning
Which 11 lymph node chains in the head and neck do we need to know?
- Preauricular
- Posterior auricular
- Occipital
- Tonsillar
- Parotid
- Submandibular
- Submental
- Superficial cervical
- Posterior cervical
- Deep cervical
- Supraclavicular
Which would you be able to feel? Inferior superficial inguinal lymph nodes, or the superior inguinal?
Superior inguinal, they are closer to the surface
What are the 5 segments of the spinal chord?
- Cervical (8)
- Thoracic (12)
- Lumbar (5)
- Sacral (5)
- Coccygeal
What are the 4 regions of the brain?
- cerebrum
- diencephalon
- brain stem
- cerebellum
Which part of the brain coordinates movement (gait)?
cerebellum
What is a band of skin innervated by the sensory root of a single spinal nerve?
dermatome
What are the 12 cranial nerves?
I - olfactory II - optic III - oculomotor IV - trochlear V - trigeminal VI - abducens VII - facial VIII - acoustic IX - glossopharyngeal X - vagus XI - spinal accessory XII - hypoglossal