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Clin Assess > Neuro and Some of Male GU > Flashcards

Neuro and Some of Male GU Flashcards

1
Q

alert

A

opens eyes, looks at you, responds well

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2
Q

lethargic

A

drowsy, can open eyes look at you to respond, then fall back asleep

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3
Q

obtunded

A

opens eyes looks at you, confused responses, no interest in environment

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4
Q

Stuporous

A

wakens only with painful stimuli, verbal response slow/absent

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5
Q

comatose

A

unarousable to any stimuli

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6
Q

decorticate

A

upper extremities flexed, lower straight and externally rotated, brain stem not inhibited by motor function of cerebral cortex

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7
Q

decerebrate

A

damage to pons/lesion compressing lower thalamus/midbrain

upper and lower extended

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8
Q

speech and language

A

quantity, rate, volume, articulation, fluency (word comprehension, repetition, naming, reading, writing)

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9
Q

Affect

A 
external emotional expression 
Hypo/hyper
change quickly
eye contact
situation-appropriate
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10
Q

Mood

A

labile, intensity, suicidal, situation appropriate

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11
Q

thought process - derailment/loose association

A

changes quickly unrelated topics

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12
Q

thought process - tangentiality

A

responses irrelevant

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13
Q

thought process - pressured speech

A

quick, long answers, doesn’t finish thought b/f changing

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14
Q

thought process - incoherence

A

word salad

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15
Q

thought process - circumstantiality

A

speech delayed in reaching goal b/c too much detail, but organized

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16
Q

thought process - distractable speech

A

change subject to unrelated thing in environment

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17
Q

thought process - perseveration

A

persistent repetition

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18
Q

thought process - clanging

A

words chosen based on sound/rhyme

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19
Q

thought process - confabulation

A

fabrication of facts to fill memory gaps

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20
Q

Thought content -

A

obsessions, compulsions, delusions, phobias, feelings of unreality/depersonalization/anxiety

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21
Q

Perceptions

A

illusions, hallucinations

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22
Q

Memory

A

registration (learn new), recent/remote memory

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23
Q

Cognition

A

attention, information/vocab, abstract thinking (proverbs, similarities)

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24
Q

Judgment

A

evaluate situation and form response (make solution)

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25
Q

Insight

A

understand illness/situation

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26
Q

Mini Mental State exam (folstein)

A

27-30 = normal
20-26 - mild dementia
<10 severe dementia

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27
Q

Aphonia

A

larynx/throat damage - can’t speak

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28
Q

Dysarthria

A

Facial/oral muscle abnormality - can’t speak

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29
Q

Aphasia

A

loss of comprehension/power of expression of speech

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30
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

expressive aphasia

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31
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

receptive aphasia

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32
Q

Cerebellar system

A

rhythmic movements /posture

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33
Q

vestibular system

A

balance, eye , head & body movements

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34
Q

sensory system

A

position sense (proprioception)

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35
Q

Coordination testing

A

Rapid Alternative Movements, point-to-point, romberg, pronator drift

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36
Q

Dysdiadochokinesis

A

non-fluid rapid alternating movements

37
Q

Dysmetria

A

inability of point-to-point movements

38
Q

Romberg asses

A

cerebellar function , proprioception

39
Q

pronator drift

A

upper motor neuron function, proprioception

40
Q

Tandem

A

heel-to-toe walking

41
Q

spastic gait

A

unilateral corticospinal tract injury (stroke, brain injury), Leg crosses ONE SIDE

42
Q

scissors gait

A

Bilateral corticospinal injury
knees/thighs touch together
both legs cross midline

43
Q

steppage gait

A

foot drop

44
Q

cerebellar gait

A 
cerebellum damage (alcoholism)
feet wide apart, drunk style
45
Q

Basal ganglia gait

A

parkinson’s/Festination

small steps, less arm swing, body flexed forward

46
Q

fasiculations

A

twitching in contiguous muscle groups

47
Q

Increased resistance in PROM

A

spacicity, lead pipe rigidity, cogwheeling

48
Q

Decreased resistance in PROM

A

hypotonia, flacidity

49
Q

Resting tremor

A

Parkinson’s

pill-rolling

50
Q

Intention tremor

A

brainstem/cerebellar disease

51
Q

postural tremor

A

sustained posture

52
Q

chorea

A

brief rapid jerky movement

huntington’s disease

53
Q

Athetosis

A

slow, twisting movement

Cerebral Palsy

54
Q

Strength scale - 1

A

visible flicker

55
Q

Strength scale - 0

A

no movement

56
Q

Strength scale - 2

A

active movement w/ no gravity

57
Q

Strength scale - 3

A

active movement w/ gravity (no resistance)

58
Q

Strength scale - 4

A

active movement w/ gravity w/ little resistance

59
Q

Strength scale - 5

A

active movement w/ gravity w/ full resistance

60
Q

strength testing - both sides at same time?

A

NEVER

61
Q

5 components of reflex arc

A

stretch receptor, afferent peripheral nerve fiber, anterior horn cell, efferent nerve fiber, neuromuscular junction

62
Q

babinski response present - doc?

A

“toe upgoing”

63
Q

Cremasteric reflex

A

stroke inner thigh proximal to distal, testicle rises on same side

64
Q

Spinothalamic tract tests

A

compulsive rxn sensations - sharp/dull, pinprick, temperature

65
Q

Posterior column tests

A

vibration, joint position

66
Q

Posterior column + Spinothalamic tract test

A

Light touch

67
Q

Vibration sense

A

place vibration on MTP, feel with DIP

68
Q

higher cortical sensory discrimination tests

A

2 point discrimination
graphesthesia
stereognosis

69
Q

Phalen’s test

A

Carpal tunnel
hold wrists 90 degree flexion
+ if numbness, tingling

70
Q

Tinel’s Test

A

carpal tunnel
percuss regenerating nerve
+ if tingling/electrical sensations

71
Q

Kernig’s test

A

Meningismus (itis)

can’t straighten knee when hip flexed 90 degrees

72
Q

Brudzinski’s test

A

Meningismus (itis)

neck stiff - hip + knees flex when neck flexed

73
Q

Penile cancer from

A

HPV

74
Q

Ballantitis

A

inflammation of head of penis

75
Q

Phimosis

A

inability to retract foreskin

76
Q

Paraphimosis

A

inability to reduce unretractable foreskin

77
Q

Guaiac stool started at age

A

50

78
Q

Penile lesion painfulness

A

Chanchroid - pain
Herpes - pain
Syphilis - NO PAIN

79
Q

Testicular cancer presentation

A

age 15-34
swelling
back ache/gynecomastia/heavy scrotum

80
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid in tunica vaginalis
NO PAIN
transilluminates

81
Q

orchitis

A

Pain

no translumination

82
Q

Spermatocele

A

cystic mass in testicle

83
Q

Varicocele

A

dilation of spermatic cord veins due to incompetent valves

84
Q

testicular torsion

A

w/ bell clapper deformity, confused for epididimytis

85
Q

Epididimytis

A

backflow of organism up vas deferens

86
Q

Phren’s sign

A

epididimytis

lift balls, feel better

87
Q

Scrotal edema

A

Scrotal and penile swelling , finger imprint

88
Q

Direct hernia

A 
men over 40
NO PAIN
there many years
No scrotal mass
SIDE of finger
89
Q

Indirect hernia

A

Most common
NO PAIN
Scrotal mass
TIP of finger

Clin Assess (2 decks)

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