neuro anatomy Flashcards
what divides the two hemispheres of the brain?
cerebral longitudinal fissure
what allows communication between the hemispheres?
corpus callosum
3 fibers of the cerebrum and their function
association fibers - connect areas of the cerebral cortex from the same hemisphere
commissural fibers - connect one cerebral hemisphere to the other
projection fibers - connect cerebrum and other parts of the brain / spinal cord
what is the purpose of the limbic system?
controls emotion, memories, and arousal/ sex drive
primitive in its control of things
what does the basal ganglia control?
controls background movement and initiation of movement patterns
how do lesions to the basal ganglia effect body functions?
lesions to the basal ganglia result in extrapyramidal dysfunction such as hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthrias
what is the function of the cerebellum?
responsible for coordinating motor commands with sensory inputs to control movements
communicate with the brain stem, spinal cord, and cerebral cortex, memory for motor function and cognitive processing
what happens if theirs lesions on the cerebellum?
cognitive function and memory are impacted
3 structures of the brain stem
medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain
medulla oblongata parts and characteristics
anterior median fissure, pyramydial decussation = motor commands
pons part and characteristics
4 cranial nerve nuclei -> communication highway for medulla to the midbrain
three layers of meninges from outermost to innermost
duramater, arachnoid, pia mater
purpose of ventricles
absorb physical shock to brain, distributes nutritive materials to remove waste from nervous tissue
what is the importance of the circle of wills
provides blood supply to the brain, anastomoses that communicates to arteries
3 pyramidal tracts
The corticobulbar tract conducts impulses from the brain to the cranial nerves, The corticospinal tract is involved in voluntary movement.
