Neuro Anatomy 1 pages1-10

Question 1

what is a group of nerve cell bodies in the CNS? in the PNS? what is a group of axons in the CNS? in the PNS?

Answer 1

nucleus
ganglion
tract
nerve

Question 2

what CNs do not arise from the brainstem?

Answer 2

1, 2, 11

Question 3

What CNs arise from the midbrain?

Answer 3

3 and 4

Question 4

What CNs arise from the PONS?

Answer 4

5, 6, 7, 8

Question 5

What CNs arise from medulla?

Answer 5

9, 10, 12

Question 6

damage to a region of the cerebral cortex can resulin what 2 things?

Answer 6

loss of function (deficit)

hyperactive (seizure)

Question 7

Look at the components of the mental status exam?

Answer 7

Orientation, Memory
Attention-working memory
Judgement-abstract reasoning
Receptive language
Expressive language
Praxis
Gnosis
Dominant parietal lobe function
Non-dominant parietal lobe function
Visual recognition

Question 8

dorso lateral prefrontal lesions result in what?

Answer 8

poor abstract thought and impairment of executive function as well as working memory

Question 9

Orbitofrontal lesions result in what?

Answer 9

apathy/disinterest, emotional lability and disinhibition

Question 10

bilateral temporal lobe lesions result in what?

Answer 10

cortical deafness

Question 11

bilateral medial temporal love hippocampal lesions result in what?

Answer 11

memory and learning deficits

Question 12

Lesion of the inferior fibers of the optic radiation results in a ?

Answer 12

contralateral superior quadrantanopsia

Question 13

unilateral lesion of occipital lobe results in ?

Answer 13

contralateral homonymous hemianopsia (maybe macral sparing)

Question 14

a lesion of the parietal lobe results in what?

Answer 14

graphesthesia
astereognosis
loss of 2 point discrimination
hemneglect
anosagnosis
apraxia

Question 15

astereognosias is what?

Answer 15

Astereognosis (or tactile agnosia if only one hand is affected) is the inability to identify an object by active touch of the hands without other sensory input

Question 16

hemineglect is what?

Answer 16

recognition defect which manifests as denial or unaware of deficits

Question 17

what is anosagnosia?

Answer 17

unaware of deficits- denying their stroke

Question 18

what is apraxia

Answer 18

loss of ability to perform a previously learned activity with intact motor function

Question 19

What cortex function to manipulate factual knowledge of the world, abstract thought, plan and sequence?

Answer 19

dorsolateral prefrontal cortices

Question 20

What cortex deal primarily wiht emotionally laden information necessary to guide us in the social world- gut decision making?

Answer 20

medial-orbitofrontal cortex

leads to disinhibited behavior or apathy

Question 21

what is a medial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal might miss out on motor and sensory deficits…what could be mistaken for?

Answer 21

psychiatric illness

Question 22

what is the fissure of temporal lobe called?

Answer 22

perisylvian

Question 23

lesion outside the perisylvian area spares what?

Answer 23

repetition- transcortical aphasia

Question 24

what type of aphasia has non localizing, has good comprehension, good fluency, and good repetition?

Answer 24

anomia

Question 25

what does reticular activating system function as? bilateral lesion?

Answer 25

• wakefulness and consciousness

- coma

Question 26

Extensive bilateral cerebral hemisphere damage results in what breathing?

Answer 26

cheyne-stokes- breathing with periods of crescendo-decrescendo breathing, separated by periods of apnea

Question 27

What type of breathing results from midbrain lesions?

Answer 27

rapid central neurogenic hyperventilation

Question 28

what type of breathing does pons result in?

Answer 28

periodic central apneas

Question 29

lesions of the medulla result in that type of breathing

Answer 29

chatic ataxic breathing