Neuro Flashcards
State the functions of the frontal lobe and the region to which they correspond.
Think first colour of rainbow traffic lights.
Personality, higher cognitive fxn (insight, foresight, impulse control) - prefrontal cortex.
Motor cortex - precentral gyrus.
Prod of written & spoken language - Broca’s area - left hem, inferior precentral.
State the functions of the parietal lobe and the region to which they correspond.
Think p for perception.
Somatosensory cortex: concious perception of touch, pressure, pain & temp, proprioception - post central gyrus.
State the functions of the occipital lobe and the region to which they correspond.
Think o for (green) olives, green eyes.
Visual cortex for vision & perception.
Dorsal stream = “where” - vision for movement.
Ventral stream = “what” - vision for identification.
State the functions of the temporal lobe and the region to which they correspond.
Think t for telephone.
Auditory cortex - superior temporal gyrus.
Also acts as interface between cortex & limbic system.
Comprehension of speech, expression of thought with words - Wernicke’s area - left hem.
State the function of the cranial meninges and name the 3 layers.
To protect the brain & provide a supportive framework.
Dura mater, (subdural space), arachnoid mater, (subarachnoid space), pia mater.
Describe the dura mater - 2 layers, folds, dural sinuses, blood supply & innveration.
Tough, fibrous layer composed of endosteal (outer) and meningeal layers. Meningeal layer folds inwards to form flax cerebri and tentorium cerebelli. Dural sinuses lie between the two layers (not sub dural space). Supplied by meningeal artery, innervated by trigeminal.
Describe the arachnoid mater - texture, structure, arachnoid villi & granulations, blood supply & innveration.
Soft, translucent membrane. Contains arteries & veins & CSF. Projections of arachnoid mater into dura allow CSF to re-enter circulation via dural sinuses. Avascular, no innervation.
Describe the pia mater - texture, structure.
Microscopically thin, follows contours of the brain. Highly vascularised.
Which arteries supply blood to the brain? State their source & route of entry.
Internal carotids, arise from common carotid at c4 and enter via carotid canal of temporal bone.
Vertebral, arise from subclavian, enter via foramen magnum.
What does the anterior cerebral artery supply & what is its source?
Corpus callosum & medial aspects of the hemispheres. Arises from internal carotid.
