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J - Neuro > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves?

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Optic
  3. Oculomotor
  4. Trochlear
  5. Trigeminal
  6. Abductens
  7. Facial
  8. Vestibulocochlear
  9. Glossopharyngeal
  10. Vagus
  11. Accessory
  12. Hypoglossal
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2
Q

What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve and what are their functions?

A
  1. Ophthalmic
  2. Maxillary
  3. Mandibular
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3
Q

What is the function of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Provides sensory info from the scalp, forehead, upper sinuses, cornea

(top of face)

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4
Q

What is the function of the Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Provides sensory info from lower eyelid, middle sinuses, nasal cavity, roof of mouth, upper lip

(middle of face)

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5
Q

What are the functions of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Sensory to the outer ear, lower mouth, front + middle of tongue, lower jaw + lip, chin

Motor to jaw muscles (chewing) and inner ear muscles

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6
Q

What is the function of the Olfactory nerve?

A

Provides sensory info to the brain about olfaction

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7
Q

What is the function of the optic nerve?

A

Provides sensory info involving vision

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8
Q

What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?

A

Motor (somatic) - extrinsic muscles around the eye and the upper eyelid muscle. Allows for visual tracking

Motor (visceral) - parasympathetic innervation of ciliary muscles and constrictor papillae to dilate/constrict the eye (aids in accomodation and pupillary light reflexes)

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9
Q

What is the function of the trochlear nerve?

A

Motor to the superior oblique muscle (downward and inward eye movements)

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10
Q

What is the function of the abductens nerve?

A

Motor to the lateral rectus muscle (moving eyeball outwards)

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11
Q

What are the branches and functions of the facial nerve?

A

Greater petrosal nerve - supplies lacrimal gland (tears), nasal cavity, and all four sinuses

Chorda tympani - supplies sublingual and submandibular glands (salivary), sensory to taste from tip of the tongue (anterior 2/3)

Other - motor to the stapedius muscle (inner ear), muscles for facial expression

Passes through the stylomastoid foramen

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12
Q

What is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

Sensory info about hearing and balance from the inner ear

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13
Q

What is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Sensory to sinuses, throat, middle ear, posterior 1/3 of tongue,

Motor to skeletal muscles involved in swallowing (stylopharyngeus muscle)

Forms the pharyngeal plexus along with the vagus nerve (X)

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14
Q

What is the function of the vagus nerve?

A

Sensory (somatic) - sensations from skin behind the ear, ear canal, and parts of the throat

Sensory (visceral) - sensations from the larynx, oesophagus, lungs, trachea, heart, GI tract

Motor - Muscles in pharynx, larynx, soft palate, heart, GI tract

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15
Q

What is the function of the accessory nerve?

A

Motor to the sternocleinomastoid muscle in the neck (rotate, flex, extend shoulders + neck)

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16
Q

What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Motor to muscles of the tongue

17
Q

What are the two major divisions of the nervous system and what do they consist of?

A
  • Central Nervous System (CNS) - Consists of brain and spinal cord
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - Connects the CNS to the rest of the body
18
Q

What are the two divisions of the motor nervous system and what do they do?

A
  • Somatic - Controls skeletal muscle and sensory surface organs (e.g. skin) (voluntary)
  • Autonomic - Controls involuntary muscles (smooth + cardiac muscle)
19
Q

Into what can the autonomic nervous system be further divided?

A
  • Sympathetic NS - controls activities which increase energy expenditure
  • Parasympathetic NS - Controls activities which decrease energy expenditure
  • Enteric NS - Controls activities of the digestive system
20
Q

Which cranial nerves have sensory innervation, and which have motor innervation?

A
  1. sensory
  2. sensory
  3. motor (para)
  4. motor
  5. both
  6. motor
  7. both (para)
  8. sensory
  9. both (para)
  10. both (para)
  11. motor
  12. motor

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21
Q
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J - Neuro (2 decks)

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