NEURO Flashcards
Name the Cranial Nerves in order
- Olfactory
- Optic
- Oculomotor
- Trochlear
- Trigeminal
5a. Ophthalmic
5b. Maxillary
5c. Mandibular - Abducens
- Facial
- TEMPORAL
- ZYGOMATIC
- BUCCAL
- MANDIBULAR
- CERVICAL - Vestibulocochlear
- Glossopharyngeal
- Vagus
- Accessory
- Hypoglossal
What is the function of the olfactory nerve?
Olfactory sensation
Where does the olfactory nerve originate? Describe the course it takes to its foramen. Which foramen does it go through?
The olfactory nerves originate in the olfactory mucosa in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull. The nerves synapse in the olfactory bulb and impulses travel into the brain via olfactory tract.
Which cranial nerve is the shortest?
Olfactory nerve
Which two cranial nerves do not join with the brainstem?
Olfactory and Optic
Which two cranial nerves have meningeal layers?
Olfactory and Optic
The olfactory mucosa is lined by which type of epithelium?
Pseudostratified columnar
Which nerve transmits pain from nose?
Nasociliary nerve
What cells can be found in the olfactory mucosa?
Basal cells
Sustentacular cells
Olfactory receptor cells (bipolar neurons with dendritic process and an axon)
Bowman’s glands
What is the function of basal cells?
Form new stem cells from which olfactory nerves can develop
What is the function of sustentacular cells?
Tall cells for structural support. These are analogous to the glial cells located in the CNS.
What is the function of the olfactory receptor cells?
Olfactory sensation.
The dendritic processes project into the epithelium as cilia (olfactory hairs) into the mucous membrane, where they react with odour molecules in the air and send impulses to olfactory nerve.
What is the function of Bowman’s glands?
Secrete mucous into the mucosa.
What is the function of the optic nerve?
Vision
Which of these conditions is most likely to result in a bitemporal hemianaopia?
Within the middle cranial fossa, the pituitary gland lies in close proximity to the optic chiasm. Enlargement of the pituitary gland can therefore affect the functioning of the optic nerve.
