Neuro

Question 1

Headache

Answer 1

• Primary (tension, migraine, cluster, trigeminal neuralgia)
• Secondary intracranial (meningitis, SAH, raised ICP, temporal arteritis)
• Secondary extracranial (glaucoma, sinusitis)
• Other: drugs (nitrates, PPI, caffeine, analgesia overuse, hormones), cervical spondylosis

Question 2

Syncope (Transient LOC)

Answer 2

• Neurally-mediated reflex (vasovagal/situational/carotid sinus hypersensitivity)
• Postural (Hypovolaemia - drugs/dehydration/diarrhoea. Autonomic failure)
• Cardiogenic (Low output - arrythmia, structural (AS), MI. Embolism - PE, TIA)
• Other: Seizure, Hypoglycaemia (+sweating, weakness, confusion)

Question 3

Headache (chronic)

Answer 3

• tension

- medication overuse (often analgesics: paracetamol, codeine, opiates, ergotamine, triptans)