Neuro Flashcards
What are the absolute contraindications for electroconvulsive therapy (ETC)?
There are no absolute contraindications. Can safely use in elderly, pts with pacemakers, pregnant women, etc
What is meralgia peresthetica?
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve neuropathy. Causes numbness over anterolateral thigh. Can be seen in some patients with diabetic neuropathy
What is apraxia?
Apraxia is a transmission disturbance on the output side, which interferes with skilled movements (e.g. Sticking out tongue). Even though the patient understands the request, he is unable to perform the task when asked, but may then perform it after a time delay.
What is agnosia?
Agnosia is the inability to recognize previously familiar sensory input, and is a modality-bound deficit. For example, it results in a loss of ability to recognize objects.
What is astereognosis?
The ability to recognize objects by palpation in one hand but not the other is called astereognosis.
What is good initial management for sudden sensorineural hearing loss?
Oral corticosteroids
What drug can be used to treat medication-induced dystonia caused by drugs like prochlorperazine, metoclopramide, and typical neuroleptic agents such as haloperidol?
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
At what blood pressure threshold should you begin treating for hypertension in a patient with an acute stroke?
Current American Heart Association guidelines for blood pressure control in stroke patients advise monitoring with no additional treatment for patients with a systolic blood pressure <220 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure <120 mm Hg.
What is the best way to confirm a diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease?
A positive response to a levodopa challenge. The diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is clinical, not radiographic.
What are first line treatments for migraine prophylaxis?
Propranolol, timolol, amitriptyline, divalproex sodium, sodium valproate, and topiramate.
What is the most common cause of seizures in the elderly?
Strokes
What medication can help with Bell’s palsy?
Corticosteroids
When is aggressive neurosurgical intervention always indicated in the setting of intracerbral hemorrhage?
Aggressive neurosurgical intervention is not indicated to evacuate clots in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage except in those with a cerebellar hemorrhage, which is always an indication for neurosurgical consultation.
What are the best treatment options for patients with pain due to diabetic neuropathy?
First-line treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, according to the American Diabetes Association, is tricyclic antidepressants. Anticonvulsants are second line and opioids are third line.
What are the risk factors for prolonged recovery from a sports-associated concussion?
Headaches lasting 60 hours or more, self-reported fatigue or fogginess, and four or more symptoms at the onset of injury. Loss of consciousness and amnesia have not been found to be related to recovery time. Convulsions associated with the injury are benign and do not affect prognosis.
