Neuro Flashcards
What is Prevalence
The proportion of people with a clinical condition at a particular point, or within a specific period in time
Define Incidence
Proportion of people who develop a clinical condition within a specific period of time.
these people are initially free of the condition.
Define a tests sensitivity
the probability that a test will return a positive result among people who have the disease.
Low sensitivity = fail to detect disease when present.
Define test specificity
the probability that a test will be negative amend individuals free of the disease.
High specificity = does not detect disease when disease is not present
low specificity = detects disease when disease not present.
Formula for sensitivity
a/ (a + c)
formula specificity
d/ (b+d)
Positive predictive value definition & formula
How confident you can be that the disease is present.
= a/(a+b)
Negative predictive value formula + definition
how confident you can be that you do not have the disease
= d/(c+d)
Define Hemiplegia (or paresis)
Paralysis or weakness of muscles of the arm, leg and sometimes face on one side of the body
Causes of hemiplegia (or paresis)
Internal capsule, cerebral hemisphere, spinal cord hemisection;
rarely a high cervical spinal cord lesion
define Monoplegia (or paresis)
paralysis or weakness of all of the muscles in one limb, arm or leg
causes of monoplegia (or paresis)
spinal cord lesion
lesion in cerebral hemisphere
peripheral neuropothy
Define paraplegia and its causes (or paresis)
paralysis of muscles in both legs.
Caused by spinal cord lesion and peripheral neuropathy
Define triplegia (or paresis) & Causes
Hemiplegia or paresis & paralysis or weakness of one limb on the opposite side of the body.
Caused by:
High cervical spinal cord lesion or multiple lesions
Define tetraplegia (or paresis), quadriplegia and causes
Paralysis or weakness of all four extremities.
Causes:
lesion in high cervical spinal cord, brain stem, or cerebral hemispheres
acute polyneuropathy or radiculopathy
myopathy
