Neuro Flashcards
Brief purposeless, involuntary mvmts of distal extremities and face
Chorea
Involuntary, nonrepetitive, but occasionally stereotyped in varies combinations (proximal, distal,axial)
Dyskinesia
What results from sustained abnormal postures and disruptions of ongoing mvmts from alternating muscle tone?
Dystonia
Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy
Weakness of proximal joints, voluntary muscle weakness
behavioral/learning disabilities
Myoclonus
Brief, rapid contraction of a muscle or group of muscles
Tics
Brief, rapid, involuntary movements, often resembling fragments of normal motor behavior
Tremors
Rhythmic, alternating, oscillatory movements produced by repetitive patterns of muscle contraction and relaxation
Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Weakness of voluntary muscles of the shoulders, hips, thighs, and upper back. (Breathing may also be affected)
Congenital Myasthenia Gravis
Disorder involving muscle weakness and fatigue
Characot Marie-Tooth Disease
Disease involving the peripheral nerves marked by progressive weakness
Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy
variant of duchenne’s slower progression, less severe and predictable
loss of motor function of hips, thighs, pelvic area, shoulders
enlarged calves
possible cardiac involvement
Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy
involves proximal muscles of the pelvis and shoulder are affected
progresses slowly
Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
involves face, upper arms, and scapular region, causing masking, weakness, decreased mobility of the face and limited shoulder ROM
weakness may extend to abs and hip muscles
Discrete tasks:
Specific beginning and end of a single movement (flipping switch)
Serial tasks:
Continuous discrete motor skills to make a whole activity (typing a letter)
Continuous tasks:
Arbitrary beginning and end of the action, repetitive mvmts (walking)
Closed tasks
Stable environment and predictable and consistent performance over time (picking up a cup)
Open tasks
Require people to make adaptive decisions unpredictable events because objects within the environment are in random motion during the task (walking in a park)
Intention tremor
Worsening of action tremor as the limb approaches a target in space
Dysmetria
undershooting (hypometria) or overshooting (hypermetria) of a target
Dyssnergia
breakdown in mvmt. resulting in joints being moved separately to reach a desired target as opposed to moving in a smooth trajectory
Dysdiadochokinesia
impaired ability to perform rapid mvmt alternating mvmt
Ataxia
loss of motor control including tremors dysdiadochokinesia, dyssynergia, and visual nystagmus
Resting Tremor
Involuntary tremor is an involuntary tremor noted in resting postures
Rigidity
increased resistance to passive mvmt throughout the range
Bradykinesia
overall slowing of mvmt patterns
Akinesia
Inability to initiate mvmt.
Athetosis
dyskinetic condition that includes inadequate timing, force, and accuracy of mvmts in the trunk/limbs; mvmts are writhing and worm like