Neuro Flashcards
The peripheral nervous system consist of what ?
Cranial nerve
Spinal nerve
The central nervous system consist of what ?
Brain
Spinal cord
A nerve call is called ?
Neuron
What are the 3 major parts of the neuron ?
Cell body
Axon
Dendrite
Where do axon carry impulses ?
Away from the call body
What does the cell body contain ?
Nucleous by the neuron
Where does the dendrite carry impulses ?
Towards the cell body
The space between the axon of the neuron and the dendrite if the cell body next to the Brain is called what ?
The synapse
What is the function of the myelin sheath ?
Provides electrical insulation to the neuron
Allow impulses to flow efficienly
Name the in activator for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine ?
Cholinesterase
What are sensory neurons ?
Afferent neurons
Carry impulses from the receptors to the CNS
What are motor neurons ?
Efferent neurons
Carry impulses from the CNS To the effectors
What are two functions of the spinal cord?
Transmit impulses to and from the brain
Is the center for spinal cord reflexes
What does the medulla do ?
- V/S
- regulate HR , B/P , respiration , coughing , swallowing
What are pons ?
Anterior to the medulla , help regulate respiration
What is midbrain ?
- Regulate visual and auditory reflex
- Enclose cerebral aqueduct and helps maintain equilibrium
What is the cerebellum ?
- The little brain
- Regulates muscle tone & equilibrium
- voluntary movement
What is the cerebrum ?
- The largest brain (big brain)
- Responsible for thinking and memory
What does the hypothalamus do ?
Regulate body tempreature
Function of the CNS
Produce ADH & oxytocin
Homeostatic function ( biological clock for daily rythm
The gray matter on the surface if the cerebral Hemisphere is called the _______ and is made of cell bodies of the neuron ?
Cerebral cortex
The outer most of the meninges is called ?
Dura mater
The middle layer of the meninges is called ?
Arachnoid mater
The inner most layer of the meninges is called ?
Pia mater
Cerebral spinal fluid is formed from blood plasma by capillary network called , ______ found within the ventricle of the brain ?
Cerebral plexuses
What are two function of the cerebral fluid ?
- Exchange nutrient and easy products between the CNS and blood
- absorbs shock around the CNS
What is the sensation in the face &teeth or contraction of the chewing muscle ?
Trigeminal
The cranial nerve that decrease heart rate is the ?
Vagus
Neurons that carry impulse from the receptors to the CNS are called ?
Sensory
The part of the brain that regulate heart rate and blood pressure is ?
Medulla
Cerebral spinal fluid is formed by ?
Choroid plexuses
At a synapse a nerve impulse is carried by ?
A neurotransmitter
What is a reflex ?
A voluntary response to stimuli
Keeping the body upright is the purpose of ?
Stretch reflex
The cranial nerve for hearing and equilibrium is the ?
Acoustic
During the depolarization of neuron , sodium ion does what ?
Rush into the cell
The spinal nerve root that is made I sensory neurons is the ?
Dorsal root
What nerve is called the wondering nerve ?
Vagus nerve
How many cranial nerves ?
12 pairs
How many spinal nerve ?
31 pairs
The myelin sheath of the CNS neuron is made by ?
Oligodendrocytes
The part of the brain that regulate accessory movement ( such as gestures when speaking ) are the ?
Basal ganglia
The blood brain barrier is found by anatomic features of the ?
Brain capillaries and osteocytes
What does the sympathetic nerve regulate ? (Involuntary )?
Increase heart rate
Increase blood pressure
Constrict blood vessel
Respond to fright or flight
What does the parasympathetic nerve regulate ? (Return body to a restful state )
Decrease heart rate
Increase peristalsis
Increase glandular secretion
What do the parasympathetic and sympathetic work together to ?
Balance body function
What is flexor reflex ?
Pull away from painful stimuli
What is reflex arc ?
Knee jerk involuntary response to a stimulus
What is the stretch receptor ?
Keep us upright against gravity
What is the visual area of the brain ?
Occipital lobes
What is the motor area that initiate voluntary movement ?
Frontal lobe
What is they general sensory area for cutaneous sensation , taste area that overlap the temporal lobe ?
Parietal lobe
Temporal lope is
Auditory
Olfactory
Vision
Optic
Cerebrospinal fluid is found where ?
Into the blood in the cranial venous sinuses
What does the ANS do ?
Regulate involuntary activities
How are chemical neurotransmitter released ?
By axon only
