Neuro Flashcards

(56 cards)

0
Q

The peripheral nervous system consist of what ?

A

Cranial nerve

Spinal nerve

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1
Q

The central nervous system consist of what ?

A

Brain

Spinal cord

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2
Q

A nerve call is called ?

A

Neuron

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3
Q

What are the 3 major parts of the neuron ?

A

Cell body
Axon
Dendrite

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4
Q

Where do axon carry impulses ?

A

Away from the call body

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5
Q

What does the cell body contain ?

A

Nucleous by the neuron

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6
Q

Where does the dendrite carry impulses ?

A

Towards the cell body

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7
Q

The space between the axon of the neuron and the dendrite if the cell body next to the Brain is called what ?

A

The synapse

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8
Q

What is the function of the myelin sheath ?

A

Provides electrical insulation to the neuron

Allow impulses to flow efficienly

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9
Q

Name the in activator for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine ?

A

Cholinesterase

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10
Q

What are sensory neurons ?

A

Afferent neurons

Carry impulses from the receptors to the CNS

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11
Q

What are motor neurons ?

A

Efferent neurons

Carry impulses from the CNS To the effectors

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12
Q

What are two functions of the spinal cord?

A

Transmit impulses to and from the brain

Is the center for spinal cord reflexes

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13
Q

What does the medulla do ?

A
  • V/S

- regulate HR , B/P , respiration , coughing , swallowing

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14
Q

What are pons ?

A

Anterior to the medulla , help regulate respiration

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15
Q

What is midbrain ?

A
  • Regulate visual and auditory reflex

- Enclose cerebral aqueduct and helps maintain equilibrium

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16
Q

What is the cerebellum ?

A
  • The little brain
  • Regulates muscle tone & equilibrium
  • voluntary movement
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17
Q

What is the cerebrum ?

A
  • The largest brain (big brain)

- Responsible for thinking and memory

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18
Q

What does the hypothalamus do ?

A

Regulate body tempreature
Function of the CNS
Produce ADH & oxytocin
Homeostatic function ( biological clock for daily rythm

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19
Q

The gray matter on the surface if the cerebral Hemisphere is called the _______ and is made of cell bodies of the neuron ?

A

Cerebral cortex

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20
Q

The outer most of the meninges is called ?

A

Dura mater

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21
Q

The middle layer of the meninges is called ?

A

Arachnoid mater

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22
Q

The inner most layer of the meninges is called ?

23
Q

Cerebral spinal fluid is formed from blood plasma by capillary network called , ______ found within the ventricle of the brain ?

A

Cerebral plexuses

24
What are two function of the cerebral fluid ?
- Exchange nutrient and easy products between the CNS and blood - absorbs shock around the CNS
25
What is the sensation in the face &teeth or contraction of the chewing muscle ?
Trigeminal
26
The cranial nerve that decrease heart rate is the ?
Vagus
27
Neurons that carry impulse from the receptors to the CNS are called ?
Sensory
28
The part of the brain that regulate heart rate and blood pressure is ?
Medulla
29
Cerebral spinal fluid is formed by ?
Choroid plexuses
30
At a synapse a nerve impulse is carried by ?
A neurotransmitter
31
What is a reflex ?
A voluntary response to stimuli
32
Keeping the body upright is the purpose of ?
Stretch reflex
33
The cranial nerve for hearing and equilibrium is the ?
Acoustic
34
During the depolarization of neuron , sodium ion does what ?
Rush into the cell
35
The spinal nerve root that is made I sensory neurons is the ?
Dorsal root
36
What nerve is called the wondering nerve ?
Vagus nerve
37
How many cranial nerves ?
12 pairs
38
How many spinal nerve ?
31 pairs
39
The myelin sheath of the CNS neuron is made by ?
Oligodendrocytes
40
The part of the brain that regulate accessory movement ( such as gestures when speaking ) are the ?
Basal ganglia
41
The blood brain barrier is found by anatomic features of the ?
Brain capillaries and osteocytes
42
What does the sympathetic nerve regulate ? (Involuntary )?
Increase heart rate Increase blood pressure Constrict blood vessel Respond to fright or flight
43
What does the parasympathetic nerve regulate ? (Return body to a restful state )
Decrease heart rate Increase peristalsis Increase glandular secretion
44
What do the parasympathetic and sympathetic work together to ?
Balance body function
45
What is flexor reflex ?
Pull away from painful stimuli
46
What is reflex arc ?
Knee jerk involuntary response to a stimulus
47
What is the stretch receptor ?
Keep us upright against gravity
48
What is the visual area of the brain ?
Occipital lobes
49
What is the motor area that initiate voluntary movement ?
Frontal lobe
50
What is they general sensory area for cutaneous sensation , taste area that overlap the temporal lobe ?
Parietal lobe
51
Temporal lope is
Auditory | Olfactory
52
Vision
Optic
53
Cerebrospinal fluid is found where ?
Into the blood in the cranial venous sinuses
54
What does the ANS do ?
Regulate involuntary activities
55
How are chemical neurotransmitter released ?
By axon only