Neuro Flashcards
(92 cards)
What is the anterior circulation of the cerebral vasculature responsible for supplying
Cerebrum
Ophthalmic artery
What is the posterior circulation of the cerebral vasculature responsible for supply
Occipital lobes
Cerebellum
Brainstem
What are the two sets of blood supply to the cerebral vasculature
Paired internal carotid arteries (ICA)
Paired vertebral arteries
Where does the paired internal carotid arteries (ICA) arise from
Arise at C4 at the bifurcation of the left and right common carotid arteries
Describe the route of the paired internal carotid arteries (ICA)
- Arise at C4 at the bifurcation of the left and right common carotid arteries
- Enter via the carotid canal of the temporal bone and move superiorly within the carotid sheath
- Pass through the cavernous sinus (in the cranial cavity)
- Distal to the sinus gives rise to branches. Then continues to middle cerebral artery
Name what the paired internal carotid arteries give rise to distal to the cavernous sinus
Ophthalmic artery
Posterior communicating artery
Anterior choroidal artery
Anterior cerebral artery
What does the ophthalmic artery supply
Structures of the orbit
What does the posterior communicating artery act as
Acts as an anastomotic ‘connecting vessel’ in the circle of willis
What does the anterior choroidal artery supply
Structures in the brain important for motor control and vision
What classification is used for ICA segments
Bouthillier classification
Describe the Bouthillier classification of ICA segments
C1 = cervical
C2 = petrous
C3 = lacerum
C4 = cavernous
C5 = clinoid
C6 = ophthalmic (supraclinoid)
C7 = communicating (terminal)
Where does the paired vertebral arteries arise from
Subclavian arteries - medial to the anterior scalene muscle
Describe the route of the paired vertebral arteries
- Arise from the subclavian arteries - medial to the anterior scalene muscle
- Ascend posterior aspect of the neck - through foramen transversarium at level of C6
- Enter the cranial cavity via foramen of magnum (C1)
- Within the cranial vault - some branches are given off
- Converge to form the basilar artery at the base of the pons (terminates by bifurcating into the posterior cerebral arteries)
Describe the foramen transversarium
Holes in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae at the level of C6
At what level is the foramen of magnum
C1
What are the branches given off by the paired vertebral arteries within the cranial vault
Meningeal branch
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
What does the meningeal branch supply
The falx cerebelli (sheet of the dura mater)
What does the anterior and posterior spinal arteries supply
The spinal cord - spanning its entire length
What does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery supply
The cerebellum
How many segments is the vertebral artery divided into
4
Name the 4 segments of the vertebral artery
V1 = preforaminal
V2 = foraminal
V3 = Atlantic, extradural, extraspinal
V4 = intradural, intracranial
Where does the circle of willis start
Where the internal carotid and vertebral arteries join (cranial vault)
Describe the contributors of the circle of willis
Paired ICAs and the basilar artery (gives rise to the cerebral arteries)
Then joined by the anterior and posterior communicating arteries
What does the anterior cerebral arteries supply
The anteromedial portion of the cerebrum