Neuro Flashcards
Neurocysticercosis
Vesicular
Colloidal vesicular
Granular nodular
Nodular calcified
Vegans can’t get neurocysticercosis
Usually involve grey white matter junction
Double rim sign
Cerebral abscess
Seen on SWI/T2 low signal outer rim, high signal inner rim
Not seen on GBM
TORCH Infections
Congenital CNS infections
Toxoplasmosis
Other (syphilis, varicella zoster, parvovirus B19)
Rubella
CMV - most common
HSV
Ventriculomegaly, periventricular calcification
Sub ependymoma
Older age group compared to ependymoma
Can look similar but minimal emhancement
Benign and slow growing
Chorus Plexus Papilloma
Benign uncommon intraventricular tumour
Adults posterior fossa
Paeds lateral ventricles
Marked homogenous enhancement
Rathke Cleft Cyst Pathognomic Feature
Cyst with a dot
No internal enhancement
Dural sinus occlusive disease
Infective dural sinus thrombosis seen in acute otomastoiditis
Inverted papilloma
Non-cancerous sinonasal tumour
Middle aged men
Convoluted cerebriform pattern T2/T1C
Cannot tell confidently tell apart from sinonasal carcinoma on imaging
Aggressive soft tissue mass centred on olfactory region
Olfactory neuroblastoma
Sinonasal carcinoma
Menigioma/hammguipericytoma( solitary fibrous tumour of the dura)
Allergic Fungal Sinusitis
Opacified expanded sinsuses with hyperdense CT, low T2 balls due to fungal concretions. Hyper intense peripheral tissues.
Branchial Cleft Cyst
Cystic dilation of remnant of clefts
2nd: below angle of mandible, anterior to SCM muscle
Malignant Salivary Gland Tumours
Adenocystic carcinoma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Benign Salivary Gland Tumours
Pleomorphic adenoma
Warthin Tumour
Odontogenic Meaning
Relating to tissue that is involved in the formation of teeth
Dentigerous Cysts
Benign non-inflammatory odontogenic cysts well defined lucency surrounding an unerrupted crown of an unerrupted tooth.
Slightly older population than OKCs as occur with secondary dentition
Radiolucent lesions of the mandible
Odontogenic vs Non-Odontogenic
O:
Periapical Cyst
Periapical abscess
Dentigerous Cyst
Odontogenic Keratocysts (Gorlin Goltz)
Ameloblastoma
Non-O:
Fibrous dysplasia, mets, myeloma, ABC, simple cyst
-melic
Related to a limb
Fibrous Dyslasia Syndromes
McCune-Albright: polyostotic FD, precocious puberty, cafe au lait spots
Mazabraud: FD, intramuscular myxomas
Wharton’s Duct
Sub-mandibular duct
Stenson’s Duct
Parotid duct
Laryngocoele
Air filled cystic lesion in paraglottic space in continuity with laryngeal ventricle
Blood in middle ear
Haemotympanum
Intraconal lesions sparing optic nerve
Cavernous haemangioma
Lymphatic malformation
Orbital lymphoma
Intraconal lesions involving the nerve
Optic nerve glioma
Optic nerve meningioma
Optic neuritis
Pseudo tumour
Lymphoma
Lacrimal Gland Masses
Inflamm:
Sarcoid
Pseudotumour
Sjogren
Neoplastic:
Pleomorphic adenoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Sjogren Syndrome
AI condition of the exocrine lacrimal and salivary glands associated
Salt and pepper appearance on MRI
Globe calcification
Retinal: retinalblastoma
Coats: small globe, retinal detachment with exudates
Colpocephaly
Enlargement of the occipital horns
Associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum
Osteoporosis Circumscripta (Cranii)
Discrete radiolucent regions of the skull. Often seen in the context of lyric phase of pager’s disease but may be seen in other conditions e.g. hyperparathyroidism
