Networks: TCP/IP Stack

Question 1

What is the first layer called?

Answer 1

Application

Question 2

What is the second layer called?

Answer 2

Transport

Question 3

What is the third layer called?

Answer 3

Network/Internet

Question 4

What is the final layer called?

Answer 4

Link

Question 5

What is the purpose of the first layer?

Answer 5

Selects and uses the correct protocol to transmit data. The layer
interacts with the user with application software like a web browser.

Question 6

What is the purpose of the second layer?

Answer 6

Establishes what’s called a virtual path: an end to end connection
between the sender and the receiver. The layer then splits the
transmission into packets.

Each packet has a sequence number which identifies a packet’s
position in relation to other packets that form part of the same message.

Also contained in each packet is the port number to be used which identifies the protocol in use. In this case, port 443 is HTTPS.

Question 7

What is the purpose of the third layer?

Answer 7

Provides the correct IP addresses for each packet’s source and
destination.

Question 8

What is the purpose of the fourth layer?

Answer 8

Controls physical connections between pieces of hardware in a Network.

Adds a intended MAC address to the package.

Question 9

Difference between Routers and Gateways (In this context)

Answer 9

Routers use lookup tables to direct packets.

So do Gateways, however Gateways can strip back packets and re-assign data (such as a MAC address).