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Computer Science > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the (5) advantages of Networking?

A
  • users can share files
  • users can share peripherals (e.g. printers)
  • users can access their files from any computer
  • servers can control the security, updates and backup of data
  • Communication with other people (email, social media etc)
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2
Q

What are the three types of network?

A

LAN, WAN, PAN

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3
Q

What is LAN?

A

Local Area Network-

  1. covers small geographic land
  2. all hardware is owned by the organisation using it
  3. LANs are wired with UTP cable, fibre optic, wireless
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4
Q

What is WAN?

A

Wide Area Network
1. large geographical area (connecting LANs)
2.infrastructure between LANs leased from telecommunication companies who own and manage it
3. WANs connected with telephone lines, fibre optic, satellite links
(eg, internet)

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5
Q

What is PAN?

A

Personal Area Network

  1. any computer network which is used for data transmission amongst localised devices e.g. computer
  2. most common used to connect : Bluetooth
  3. short range (10 metres). Perfect for connecting a wireless keyboard to a computer but not useful for connecting separate rooms
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6
Q

What are some (4) disadvantages of networking?

A
  • security risk to data
  • malware and viruses spread easily
  • if a server fails, connected computers may not work
  • computers can run slowly if there is a lot of data travelling on the network
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7
Q

Name 5 properties of a fibre optic cable

A
  • uses light to send data
  • normally used to connect long distance
  • very high bandwidth
  • less interference
  • more expensive
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8
Q

Name 3 properties of a twisted pair (UTP) copper cable

A
  • normally used to connect computers to a switch
  • widely used in LANs
  • cheap and flexible
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9
Q

3 benefits of using wireless networks

A
  • don’t need to install cables
  • ultimate form of a portable connection
  • cheaper
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10
Q

5 risks of using wireless

A
  • lower bandwidth
  • transfer speeds are slower -> cause file-sharing
  • security is a bigger problem
  • if not set up properly, more susceptible to hacking
  • wireless signals can easily be obscured by walls/ ceilings
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11
Q

What do we call the physical layout of the devices on a network?

A

the topology

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12
Q

What are the two topologies?

A

star and bus

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13
Q

What is a star topology?

A

Has a central server of which every node has their own dedicated cable to.

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14
Q

Why is network perfomance high in a star topology?

A

only the traffic needed by a node will travel down a cable.

this also makes it more secure

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15
Q

What is a disadvantage of a star topology?

A

If the server fails, then the whole network goes down

also, expensive to lay all the cables.

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16
Q

What is a bus topology?

A

Relies on a central bus cable of which every node is connected to.

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17
Q

What is good about a bus topology?

A

less cables and it is very easy to add something to the network (just connect it to the central line)

18
Q

Why can the central line of a bus topology become easily congested?

A

All the traffic from every node travels down the central line making it slower.
(this also means it is not very secure)

19
Q

What is the main disadvantage of the bus topology?

A

if the central bus fails, whole network goes down.

20
Q

What is a protocol?

A

a set of rules that allow two devices to communicate in some way

21
Q

What are the 10 protocols you need to know?

A
  • Ethernet
  • FTP
  • HTTP
  • HTTPS
  • IMAP
  • IP
  • SMTP
  • TCP
  • UDP
  • Wi-Fi
22
Q

What is ethernet?

A

a standard set of protocols for use on LANs

23
Q

What is Wi-Fi?

A

a standard set of protocols for wireless communication

24
Q

What is TCP?

A

Transmission Control Protocol provides an error free transmission between two routers

25
Q

What is IP?

A

Internet protocol routes packets across a WAN

26
Q

What is the TCP/IP protocol stack?

A

the foundation of communication over The Internet

27
Q

What is UDP?

A

User Datagram Protocol is an unreliable way to send short messages. (used by programs running on different computers on a different network)

28
Q

What is FTP?

A

File transmission Protocol is used for sending files between computers, normally on a WAN

29
Q

What are the similarities and differences between HTTP and HTTPS?

A

Both Hypertext Transfer Protocols are ways for a client and server to send and receive requests for and delivery of HTML web pages. But Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure adds encryption and authentication.

30
Q

What is HTTP the fundamental protocol of?

A

World Wide Web

31
Q

Why would you use HTTPS instead of HTTP?

A

When a website needs to deal with personal detail like passwords or bank numbers

32
Q

What is SMTP?

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to send an email from a device to an email server

33
Q

What is IMAP?

A

Internet Message Access Protocol is used to manage remote mail boxes on servers and retrieve email from it.
(when email is retrieved it leaves the original copy on the server)

34
Q

What are the 4 layers of the 4-layer TCP/IP protocol model?

A

Application layer
Transport layer
Internet layer
Link Layer

35
Q

What opperates on the application layer?

A

Network applications like web browsers or email programs

36
Q

What happens on the transport layer?

A

communication between two hosts is set up and they agree on settings (e.g. language and packet size)

37
Q

What does the internet layer do?

A

Here, packets are addressed for transmission and it routes the packets across the network

38
Q

What is in the Link layer?

A 
Network hardware (e.g. Network Interface Card)
operating system device drivers sit here
39
Q

Which 5 protocols are in the application layer?

A

FTP, IMAP, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP

40
Q

Which protocols are in the transport layer?

A

TCP, UDP

41
Q

Which layer is the internet protocol in?

A

the internet layer

Computer Science (7 decks)

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