Networks

Question 1

Client

Answer 1

A client on the other hand is a computer that has software that enables it to send requests to the server for a particular service. e.g. your computer has a web browser that enables you to access email over the internet.

Question 2

Host

Answer 2

A host computer is any device that has an IP adddress -an address used to send and receive data in a network .

Question 3

Server

Answer 3

Aserveris a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called “clients”.

Question 4

Mainframe computer

Answer 4

A mainframe is a large computer which is used for calculatiions dealing with a huge amount of data.

Question 5

Super computer

Answer 5

A supercomputer is a powerful computer which is used for processing data at fastest possible speed.

Question 6

Protocol

Answer 6

In information technology, a protocol is the special set of rules that end points in a telecommunication connection use when they communicate. Protocols specify interactions between the communicating entities.

Question 7

Ethernet

Answer 7

A system for connecting a number of computer systems to form a local area network, with protocols to control the passing of information and to avoid simultaneous transmission by two or more systems.

Question 8

Grid computing

Answer 8

Grid computing usually consists of one main computer that distributes information and tasks to a group of networked computers to accomplish a common goal.

Question 9

Distributed processing

Answer 9

Distributed processing is a phrase used to refer to a variety of computer systems that use more than one computer (or processor) to run an application.

Question 10

Peer to peer network

Answer 10

In a peer to peer network or connected computers are considered both clients and servers and there is no central server .

Question 11

Hubs

Answer 11

A network hub is a device that allows multiple computers to communicate with each other over a network meanwhile broadcast all incoming data to all active ports.

Question 12

Cloud computing

Answer 12

Clouds are giant servers placed around the world where you can store, edit and share information. Most companies today work on clouds as it is more efficient than small local servers.

Question 13

VLAN

Answer 13

1) A virtual LAN is a network that covers a wide geographical area and connects computers as if they were in the same building
A VLAN allows a network of computers and users to communicate in a stimulated environment as if they exist in a single LAN.
This is usually used for companies that have multiple offices around the world but still need to be connected.

Question 14

LAN

Answer 14

local area networkis computer network that connects computers in a limited area for example it could be a residence, school, office building, etc.

Question 15

MAN

Answer 15

Ametropolitan area network(MAN) is a computernetworkthat interconnects users with computer resources in a geographicareaor region larger than that covered by even a large localarea network(LAN) but smaller than theareacovered by a widearea network(WAN)

Question 16

WAN

Answer 16

WAN This is a network that covers a wide geographical area such as the internet .

Question 17

WLAN

Answer 17

1) A wireless local area network is a network that covers a small geographical area, say one building but many if not all devices connected to each other through wireless communication technology.

Question 18

INTRANET

Answer 18

“Intra” means “internal” or “within,” so an Intranet is an internal or private network that can only be accessed within the confines of a company, university, or organization.

Question 19

CLOUD COMPUTING

Answer 19

Clouds are giant servers placed around the world where you can store, edit and share information. Most companies today work on clouds as it is more efficient than small local servers.

Question 20

Synchronous

Answer 20

Synchronous signals are sent and received at the same speed while asynchronous is the opposite. ex CHAT ROOMS

Question 21

Asynchronous

Answer 21

Asynchronous are sent and received at different times. An example of asynchronous communication could be emailed.

Question 22

BIT RATE

Answer 22

The number of bits that are encoded per second. It therefor shows the speed at which information can be transferred in a certain amount of time.

Question 23

SWITCH

Answer 23

A switch is a device used in networks that takes data and learns the connection of the machine and will send messages addressed to that machine specifically to there from them on with the help of the IP address .

Question 24

HUB

Answer 24

A hub is a devise use in networks .It takes data and sends to multiple ports because it cant destinguish which one to send.

Question 25

ROUTER

Answer 25

Each machine on the network is assigned a local Ip address and any information sent to the router is specifically sent to the machine on the ip address VIA WIRED OR WIRELESS SIGNALS

Question 26

EXTRANET

Answer 26

An extranet is a private network that uses Internet technology and the public telecommunication system to securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses.

Question 27

ISP

Answer 27

Your Internet service provider is the company that provides you with your Internet connection. For example, your ISP may be Comcast, Time Warner, or whatever other company you’re paying each month.

Question 28

FIREWALL

Answer 28

Filters incoming and outgoing network traffic. Blocks all traffic that doesn't meet set of rules.

Question 29

PHYSICAL SECURITY

Answer 29

It is used to secure networks so that unauthorized people can not hack or access any facilities. For example, you can have security guards and locks.

Question 30

ELECTRONIC SECURITY

Answer 30

It is used to secure networks so that unauthorized people can not hack or access any facilities. For example, you can have security guards and locks.

Question 31

NODES

Answer 31

Nodes are basically devices on a network.

Question 32

MODEM

Answer 32

A modem is a device that converts digital signals into analog signals to send over the cloud.

Question 33

INTERNET PROTOCOL

Answer 33

IP address help identify devices and the networks where they are located.

Question 34

NIC

Answer 34

Network Interface cards allows devices (computers) to connect to networks via wires or wireless signals.

Question 35

SPEED OF INTERNET

Answer 35

ALWAYS MEASURED IN BITS PER SECOND

Question 36

DATA TRANSFERRED OVER INTERNET

Answer 36

ALWAYS MEASURED IN BYTES

Question 37

BIT

Answer 37

Bit is the smallest information computer can understand , its either 0 or 1.

Question 38

BYTE

Answer 38

1 BYTE=1 BIT

Question 39

WIFI

Answer 39

A facility allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to the Internet or communicate with one another wirelessly within a particular area

Question 40

WIMAX

Answer 40

WiMAX is a wireless communications standard designed for creating metropolitan area networks (MANs). • It is similar to the Wi-Fistandard, but supports a far greater range of coverage.

Question 41

OPTICAL FIBER

Answer 41

Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of lightthrough an optical fiber.

Question 42

VPN

Answer 42

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network technology that creates a secure network connection over a public network such as the Internet or a private network owned by a service provider.

Question 43

INTERNET

Answer 43

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite(TCP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwide.

Question 44

Define computer networks?

Answer 44

A computer network consists of two or more computers that are connected together. The main purpose of this connection is to share resources such as hardware, software and data.

Question 45

Why do we need to secure our networks?

Answer 45

It is necessary to secure our network because: Nowadays we entrust much of our lives and livelihoods to computers Computers and not entirely dependable, safe, or secure This why, the major goal of computer network security is to lower the risk of having unauthorised access to our computers and/or information and protect valuable assets. Computer network security is concerned with the protection of hardware, software, information system, data and network communicating channels.

Question 46

How are computer networks at risk?

Answer 46

Networks are vulnerable to failure and can face multiple threats. For example, failure of hardware might cause an alarm system to stop working, which might allow, for example, the unauthorised physical access to the server room. Also, threats can be caused by nature or by humans, such as a fire destroying the network or an intentional cyber attack by malicious individuals or groups such as hackers, cyber terrorists or state-supported spies and information warriors.

Question 47

What are the security measures needed to protect a network ?

Answer 47

``` Technical controls which include hardware and software controls (such as passwords, encryption, network protocols, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, network traffic flow regulator, biometrics). Policies and procedures (agreements that advise people to act in a specific way such as laws, copyrights, contracts, and regulations). Physical controls (guards, walls, security cameras, back up data). ``` Remember: The best security is the multi-layer security that includes multiple security measures at the same time.