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IGCSE Edexcel Computer Science > Networks (2) > Flashcards

Networks (2) Flashcards

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1
Q

State what is meant by the term ‘transmission medium’.

A

The communication channel through which data is sent from one device to another on a network

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2
Q

State the purpose of network protocols.

A
  • A standard set of rules to enable communication between computing devices
  • Ensures data is sent and received accurately, and that it is sent to the correct address on a network
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3
Q

What is TCP/IP?

(Transmission Control Protocol + Internet Protocol)

A

A hierarchical stack of network protocols that work together to enable devices to communicate with each other over the internet

(The Internet Protocol Suite)

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4
Q

Give the different layers within the TCP/IP model.

A
  • Application layer
  • Transport layer
  • Internet layer (Network layer)
  • Link layer (Network interface layer)
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5
Q

State three email protocols.

A
  • POP3
  • SMTP
  • IMAP
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6
Q

Give the protocols within the application layer.

A
  • FTP
  • HTTP / HTTPS
  • SMTP
  • POP3
  • IMAP
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7
Q

Give the protocols within the transport layer.

A

TCP

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8
Q

Give the protocols within the internet layer (network layer).

A

IP

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9
Q

Give the protocols within the link layer (network interface layer).

A
  • Ethernet
  • Wi-Fi
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10
Q

Describe the characteristics of Ethernet.

A
  • Wired mode of connection on a network - not portable
  • Highest bandwidth of any mode of connection, so faster downloads
  • Little amount of interference, gives fastest response time
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11
Q

Describe the characteristics of Wi-Fi.

A
  • Connects multiple devices together on a network wirelessly
  • Has high bandwidth, but has most interference
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12
Q

Describe the characteristics of FTP.

A

File Transfer Protocol provides rules for file transfer between computers - often used to transfer files that are too large for attachment to emails

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13
Q

Describe the characteristics of HTTP.

A
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol provides rules to be followed by a web browser and a web server when requesting and supplying information
  • Used for sending requests from a web client (browser) to a web server and returning web content from server back to client
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14
Q

Describe the characteristics of HTTPS.

A

Secure HTTP ensures that communications between a host and client are secure by encrypting communications

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15
Q

Describe the characteristics of SMTP.

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol provides rules for sending email messages from client to server and then from server to server until it reaches its destination

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16
Q

Describe the characteristics of POP3.

A
  • Post Office Protocol is used by a client to retrieve emails from a mail server
  • All of the emails are downloaded when there’s a connection between client and server - messages deleted from email server once they’ve been downloaded
17
Q

Describe the characteristics of IMAP.

A

Internet Message Access Protocol -

  • Messages do not have to be downloaded - they can be read and stored on message server
  • This is better for users with many different devices as they can be read from all devices rather than being downloaded to just one
18
Q

Describe the function of the application layer in sending data.

A

Provides the interfaces and protocols needed by the user

19
Q

Describe the function of the transport layer in sending data.

A
  • Splits outgoing data into packets and numbers them
  • Adds a header containing a sequence number and a checksum to each packet
20
Q

Describe the function of the internet layer (network layer) in sending data.

A
  • Adds the source and destination IP addresses to packet headers
  • This enables routers to guide each packet to its destination
21
Q

Describe the function of the link layer (network interface layer) in sending data.

A

Uses network-specific protocols to convert binary data into electrical, light or radio signals for network transmission

22
Q

Describe the function of the link layer (network interface layer) in receiving data.

A

Converts incoming signals into binary data

23
Q

Describe the function of the internet layer (network layer) in receiving data.

A

Strips address information from incoming packet headers

24
Q

Describe the function of the transport layer in receiving data.

A
  • Checks incoming packets and sends a resend request for any that have been damaged or lost in transit - notifies sender when all packets have arrived
  • Reassembles packets into correct order and passes data up to appropriate protocol in the application layer
25
Q

Describe the function of the application layer in receiving data.

A

Displays received information to the user

IGCSE Edexcel Computer Science (23 decks)

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