Networks

Question 1

what are the 8 network protocols

Answer 1

• TCP
• IP
• HTTP
• HTTPS
• FTP
• POP
• IMAP
• SMTP

Question 2

what is layering (network protocols)

Answer 2

to divide the task of networking into smaller, simpler tasks that work together but have different responsibilities

Question 3

advantages of layering

Answer 3

• reducing complex problems into smaller sub-problems
• specific devices can be manufactured to operate at a particular layer

Question 4

what are the TCP/IP layers

Answer 4

• application
• transport
• internet/network
• link

Question 5

application layer

Answer 5

• network applications operate here

Question 6

transport layer

Answer 6

• established end-to-end connection
• splits data into packets

Question 7

internet/network layer

Answer 7

• adds source and destination IP addresses
• routes packets across the network

Question 8

link layer

Answer 8

• adds MAC addresses identifying Network Interface Cards

Question 9

circuit switching

Answer 9

• physical path between source and destination
• all packets use the same path
• data arrives in a logical order
• reserves bandwidth in advance
• can cause a lot of bandwidth wastage

Question 10

packet switching

Answer 10

• no physical path
• packets travel independently/can take different routes
• no bandwidth wastage

Question 11

what does a router do

Answer 11

routes data between devices

Question 12

three types of wired cables

Answer 12

• twisted pair
• coaxial
• fibre optic

Question 13

what does a Network Access Card (NIC) do

Answer 13

• allows both wired and wireless communications between computers of a LAN
• both a physical layer and a data link layer

Question 14

what is a wireless access point (WAP)

Answer 14

• a device that creates a wireless local area network, usually in a home or office building

Question 15

what does a hub do

Answer 15

• hardware device
• allows multiple devices to connect to one network
• much slower than switches

Question 16

what does a switch do

Answer 16

• allows multiple devices to connect to one network
• joins devices together on a LAN
• receives packets/data
• sends packets/data
  out of the correct port to the specific devices intended

Question 17

how does a client-server model work

Answer 17

a client makes requests to the server for data, connections, and other services

Question 18

what does the server do in client-server models

Answer 18

• controls access and security for a shared file store
• manages access to the internet
• manages printing jobs
• provides email services
• runs regular backups of data

Question 19

advantages of client-server

Answer 19

• easier to manage file security
• easier to back up shared data
• easier to install software updates on all computers

Question 20

disadvantages of client-server

Answer 20

• can be expensive to set up and maintain
• single point of failure (server)
• if server fails, users will lose access

Question 21

what are client-server networks best suited for

Answer 21

organizations with a large number of computers
when many computers need access to the same information

Question 22

how does a peer-to-peer model work

Answer 22

• all peers (computers) are connected
• all peers are equal
• peers serve their own files to each other
• each peer is responsible for its own security and data backup

Question 23

advantages of peer-to-peer

Answer 23

• easy to maintain
• no dependency on a single computer
• cheaper to set up
• no expensive hardware

Question 24

disadvantages of peer-to-peer

Answer 24

• network is less secure
• user needs to manage their own backups

Question 25

what are client-server networks best suited for

Answer 25

smaller organisations with fewer computers