Networks Flashcards
what are the 8 network protocols
- TCP
- IP
- HTTP
- HTTPS
- FTP
- POP
- IMAP
- SMTP
what is layering (network protocols)
to divide the task of networking into smaller, simpler tasks that work together but have different responsibilities
advantages of layering
- reducing complex problems into smaller sub-problems
- specific devices can be manufactured to operate at a particular layer
what are the TCP/IP layers
- application
- transport
- internet/network
- link
application layer
- network applications operate here
transport layer
- established end-to-end connection
- splits data into packets
internet/network layer
- adds source and destination IP addresses
- routes packets across the network
link layer
- adds MAC addresses identifying Network Interface Cards
circuit switching
- physical path between source and destination
- all packets use the same path
- data arrives in a logical order
- reserves bandwidth in advance
- can cause a lot of bandwidth wastage
packet switching
- no physical path
- packets travel independently/can take different routes
- no bandwidth wastage
what does a router do
routes data between devices
three types of wired cables
- twisted pair
- coaxial
- fibre optic
what does a Network Access Card (NIC) do
- allows both wired and wireless communications between computers of a LAN
- both a physical layer and a data link layer
what is a wireless access point (WAP)
- a device that creates a wireless local area network, usually in a home or office building
what does a hub do
- hardware device
- allows multiple devices to connect to one network
- much slower than switches
what does a switch do
- allows multiple devices to connect to one network
- joins devices together on a LAN
- receives packets/data
- sends packets/data
out of the correct port to the specific devices intended
how does a client-server model work
a client makes requests to the server for data, connections, and other services
what does the server do in client-server models
- controls access and security for a shared file store
- manages access to the internet
- manages printing jobs
- provides email services
- runs regular backups of data
advantages of client-server
- easier to manage file security
- easier to back up shared data
- easier to install software updates on all computers
disadvantages of client-server
- can be expensive to set up and maintain
- single point of failure (server)
- if server fails, users will lose access
what are client-server networks best suited for
organizations with a large number of computers
when many computers need access to the same information
how does a peer-to-peer model work
- all peers (computers) are connected
- all peers are equal
- peers serve their own files to each other
- each peer is responsible for its own security and data backup
advantages of peer-to-peer
- easy to maintain
- no dependency on a single computer
- cheaper to set up
- no expensive hardware
disadvantages of peer-to-peer
- network is less secure
- user needs to manage their own backups
what are client-server networks best suited for
smaller organisations with fewer computers
