Networks

Question 0

3 types of networks. Describe each.

Answer 0

LAN
MAN
WAN

Local Area Network
●Connects computer resources in a single building or group of buildings

Metropolitan Area Network
●Connects computer resources in a local geographical area

Wide Area Network
●Connects computer resources in widely dispersed geographical areas

Question 1

What is a computer network?

Answer 1

Two or more computers connected together for the purpose of communicating and sharing resources.

Question 2

What is a server?

Answer 2

●a Server is a computer that has a resource to share

e.g., a web page, mp3 file, routing information, printing services, disk space, etc.

Question 3

What is a client?

Answer 3

●a Client is any computer that accesses the resource.

Question 4

What happens in a client/server relationship? When does a client / server relationship end?

Answer 4

A client requests a resource from a server by using a URL. The server send you the page you requested.

Once the page is sent to you, the client/server relationship ends – HTTP is a “stateless protocol”, no memory (except cookies!)

Question 5

What is the name of the software that a server uses? List three things that a server can provide.

Answer 5

Runs special software, called server software:
●E.g. Apache

Provides a service:
●Email
●Web pages
●File storage

Question 6

Give 2 examples of client softwares.

Answer 6

Ftp software. Web browsers.

Question 7

What does a router do?

Answer 7

●Routers determine where data goes

●Data is sent by the fastest route

●Can move information around broken sections of the Internet

Question 8

What is an Internet protocol? Give three types

Answer 8

Rule for how information is communicated between client and server over a network
Examples:
●FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
●SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
●HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Question 9

What is tcp/ip?

Answer 9

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
●The underlying communication protocol of the Internet.

●TCP: defines how messages are broken down and then reassembled

●IP: defines where (to which address) packets are delivered

Question 10

WhAt is an ip address?

Answer 10

The unique numerical address that each computer connected to the Internet is given.

Question 11

Www is? Made up of? A subset of?

Answer 11

●Web servers and their files make up the World Wide Web
●The World Wide Web is a subset of
the Internet – one of many Internet services

Question 12

What does http stand for?

Answer 12

Hypertext transfer protocol

Question 13

What is hypertext?

Answer 13

Describer of a Web Page
●Pages are stored as a description of how they should appear on the screen
●Web browser created the image from the description file
●Browser can adapt the source image
more easily

Hypertext
●Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
●Markup languages describe the layout of a document
●Margin width
●Font
●Text style
●Image placement
●Etc.
●Hypertext provides a way to jump from point to point in documents (non-linear)
●Combination of hypertext with markup language lets us build nonlinear documents for the dynamic and interconnected Net and Web

Question 14

Whats another name for a directory?

Answer 14

A folder

Question 15

Whats a pathname?

Answer 15

●Page is given by pathname:
   /galleries/ga1100/pioneer.html
●Each time we pass a slash (/), we 
move into a subdirectory or into the file 
(lower in the hierarchy)