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CS-155 Concepts of Computer Science 2 > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a computer Network?

A

A collection of computing devices/nodes connected in order to communicate and share resources. Connections between computing devices can be physical using wires or cables or wireless using radio waves or infrared signals.

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2
Q

What is a node (host)?

A

Any device on a network.

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3
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

The data transfer rate. The speed in which data is moved from one place to another on a network.

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4
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A set of rules that defines how data is formatted and processed on a network.

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5
Q

What is a file server?

A

A computer dedicated to storing and managing files for network users.

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6
Q

What is a web server?

A

A computer dedicated to responding to requests for web pages.

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7
Q

What is a peer-to-peer model?

A

A decentralized approach that shares resources and responsibilities among many “peer” computers.

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8
Q

What is a local area network (LAN)?

A

A networks that connects a relatively small number of machines in a relatively close geographical area.

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9
Q

What is a ring topology?

A

All nodes are connected in a closed loop on which messages travel in one direction.

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10
Q

What is a star topology?

A

Centres around one node to which all other are connected and through which all messages and requests are sent.

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11
Q

What is a bus topology?

A

Nodes are connected to a central cable that runs up and down a network.

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12
Q

What is a wide area network (WAN)?

A

A network that connects local-area networks over a potentially large geographic distance.

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13
Q

What is a Metropolitan-area network (MAN)?

A

A network that connects computers in large city structures.

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14
Q

What is a gateway?

A

Allows entry points between two networks and focuses request and acts like security for a network.

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15
Q

What is the internet?

A

A wide area network that spans the planet.

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16
Q

What is a wireless network?

A

A network in which device communicate with other nodes through a wireless access point.

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17
Q

What is bluetooth?

A

A technology used for wireless communication over short distances.

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18
Q

What is an internet backbone?

A

A set of high-speed networks that carry internet traffic, provided by third party companies.

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19
Q

What is an internet service provider?

A

An organization providing access to the internet.

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20
Q

What is a packet?

A

A unit of data to be sent across a network.

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21
Q

What is a router?

A

A network device that directs a packet between networks toward its final destination.

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22
Q

What is packet switching?

A

Messages are divided in fixed-sized, numbered packets; packets are individually routed to their destination then reassembled.

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23
Q

What is a proprietary system?

A

A system that relies on software and technologies provided by a commercial vendor.

24
Q

What is interoperability?

A

The ability of software and hardware on multiple machines and from multiple commercial vendors to communicate.

25
Q

What are open systems?

A

Systems based on a common model of network architecture and a suite of protocols used in its implementation.

26
Q

What is the OSI Reference Model?

A

A seven-layer logical break down of network interaction to facilitate communication standards.

27
Q

What are the seven layers of the OSI Reference Model?

A
  1. Application
  2. Presentation
  3. Session
  4. Transport
  5. Network
  6. Data Link
  7. Physical
28
Q

What is the Protocol Stack?

A

Refers to the structure of network protocols such that each one relies on the protocols that underlie it.

29
Q

What is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?

A

Software that breaks messages into packets, hand them off to the IP software for delivery and then orders and reassembles the packets at their desitination.

30
Q

What is the Internet Protocol (IP)?

A

Software that deals with the routing of packets through the maze of interconnected networks to their final destination.

31
Q

What is the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?

A

An alternative to the TCP that is faster but less reliable.

32
Q

What is Ping?

A

A program used to test whether a particular network computer is active and reachable.

33
Q

What is a tracerroute?

A

A program that shows the route a packet takes across the internet.

34
Q

What are some examples of high level protocols?

A
  • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
  • Telnet
  • Hyper Net Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
35
Q

What is the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)?

A

Used to specify transfer of electronic mail.

36
Q

What is the File Transfer Protocol?

A

Allows a user to transfer files to and from another computer.

37
Q

What is telnet?

A

Used to log onto one computer from anoter.

38
Q

What is Hyper Text Protocol?

A

Allows exchange of Web documents/Web Pages

39
Q

What are firewalls?

A

A gateway machine and its software that protects a network by filtering the traffic it allows.

40
Q

What is the Access Control Policy?

A

A set of rules established by an organization that specifies what types of network communication are permitted and denied, whitelisting and blacklisting.

41
Q

What is a hostname?

A

A name made up of words separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the internet.

42
Q

What is an IP address?

A

An address made up of four one -byte numeric values separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the internet.

43
Q

What is IPv4?

A

An IP address that consists of 32 bits organized into 4 groups of 8 bits, represented as decimal and separated with a radix point, for example 148.78.250.12

44
Q

What is IPv6?

A

An IP address consisting of 128 organized into 8 groups of 16 bits, represented as hexadecimal and separated with colons.

45
Q

What is a host number?

A

The part of the IP address that specifies a particular host on the network>

46
Q

What is the host name?

A

The name of a particular host withing a domain.

47
Q

What is the domain name?

A

The part of a hostname that specifies a specific organization of group.

48
Q

What is a Top Level Domain?

A

The last section of a domain name that specifies the type of organization or its country of origin.

49
Q

What is the Domain Name System (DNS)?

A

A distributed system for managing hostname resolutions. It stores URLs along with their IP address.

50
Q

What is the Domain Name Server?

A

A copmuter that attempts to translate a hostname into an IP address.

51
Q

What is domain squatting?

A

Ransoming domain names.

52
Q

What are examples of cloud computing?

A
  • Public Clouds
  • Private Clouds
  • Community Clouds
  • Hybrid Clouds
53
Q

What are public clouds?

A

Cloud software accessible by any subscriber.

54
Q

What are private clouds?

A

Cloud software established for a specific group or organization.

55
Q

What are community clouds?

A

Cloud systems shard among two or more organizations with the same needs.

56
Q

What are hybrid clouds?

A

Combinations of two or more cloud systems.

CS-155 Concepts of Computer Science 2 (6 decks)

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