Networking Today Flashcards
If you want to be a part of a global online community, your computer, tablet, or smart phone must first be connected to a ______. That _______ must be connected to the _________.
network, network, internet
What are hosts?
All computers that are connected to a network and participate directly in network communication are classified as hosts.
What are two other names for hosts?
Hosts can be called end devices. Some hosts are also called clients.
What is an Internet Protocol (IP) address?
A number that identifies the host within a particular network. This number is called the Internet Protocol (IP) address.
An ________ identifies the host and the network to which the host is attached.
IP address
What are servers?
Ex. a server requires web server software in order to provide web services to the network. A computer with server software can provide services simultaneously to many different clients.
What are three common types of server software?
Email, web, and file
What is an email server?
The email server runs email server software. Clients use mail client software, such as Microsoft Outlook, to access email on the server.
What is a web server?
The web server runs web server software. Clients use browser software, such as Windows Internet Explorer, to access web pages on the server.
What is a file server?
The file server stores corporate and user files in a central location. The client devices access these files with client software such as the Windows File Explorer.
True or False: Client and server software usually run on separate computers, but it is also possible for one computer to be used for both roles at the same time.
True
What a peer-to-peer network?
In small businesses and homes, many computers function as the servers and clients on the network. This type of network is called a peer-to-peer network.
What are four advantages of a peer-to-peer network?
- Easy to set up
- Less complex
- lower cost because some network devices are not required
-Can be used for simple tasks
What are the four disadvantages of peer-to-peer networking?
-No centralized administration
-Not as secure
-Not scalable
-All devices may act as both clients/servers slowing their performance
What are end devices? How do they know how to communicate?
To distinguish one end device from another, each end device on a network has an address. When an end device initiates communication, it uses the address of the destination end device to specify where to deliver the message.
An end device is either the _____ or _________ of a message transmitted over the network.
source, destination
What are intermediary devices?
Intermediary devices connect the individual end devices to the network. Can connect multiple individual networks (internetwork) and provide connectivity and ensure that data flows across the network.
Intermediary devices use the ________ ___ ________ _______ , in conjunction with information about the __________ _________, to determine the path that messages should take through the network.
destination end device address, network interconnections
What are five examples of intermediary devices?
-Wireless Router
-LAN Switch
-Multilayer Switch
-Firewall Appliance
-Router
What are five functions of intermediary network devices?
-Regenerate communication signals
-Maintain pathways that exist through the network
-Notify devices of errors
-Classify messages according to priorities
-Permit or deny data based on security settings
What is a repeater?
Repeaters regenerate and retransmit communication signals. Ex. an Ethernet hub is a multiport repeater
True or false: All intermediary devices perform the function of a repeater.
True
What is media?
Communication transmits across a network on media. The media provides the channel over which the message travels from source to destination.
What are three types of media used to interconnect devices?
-Metal wires within cables
-Glass or plastic fibers within fables (fiber-optic cables)
-Wireless transmission
How is data encoded within metal wires within cables?
Data is encoded into electrical impulses.
How is data encoded within fiber-optic cables?
Data is encoded into pulses of light.
How is data encoded within wireless transmission?
Data is encoded via modulation of specific frequencies of electromagnetic waves.
True or false: Network architects and administrators must be able to show what their networks will look like. They need to be able to easily see which components connect to other components, where they will be located, and how they will be connected.
True
What is a topology diagram?
A diagram provides an easy way to understand how devices connect in a large network. Logical representations of the physical networking components are critical to visualizing a network’s organization and operation.
What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
A NIC physically connects the end device to the network.
What is a physical port?
A connector or outlet on a networking device where the media connects to an end device or another networking device.
What is an interface?
Specialized ports on a networking device that connect to individual networks. Because routers connect networks, the ports on a router are referred to as network interfaces.
What are two types of topology diagrams?
Physical and logical
What is a physical topology diagram?
Ex. You can see that the rooms in which these devices are located are labeled in the physical topology.
What is a logical topology diagram?
Ex. You can see which end devices are connected to which intermediary devices and what media is being used.
What are Small Office and Home Office (SOHO) Networks?
Small office and home office (SOHO) networks allow people to work from home, or a remote office. Many self-employed workers use these types of networks to advertise and sell products, order supplies, and communicate with customers.
What is the Internet?
The Internet is the largest network in existence. In fact, the term internet means a “network of networks”. It is a collection of interconnected private and public networks.
What are small home networks?
Small home networks connect a few computers to each other and to the internet.
What is a medium to large network?
Medium to large networks, such as those used by corporations and schools, can have many locations with hundreds or thousands of interconnected hosts.
What is a worldwide network?
The Internet is a network of networks that connects hundreds of millions of computers world-wide.
What are the two most common types of network infrastructures?
Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wide Area Networks (WANs).
What is a LAN?
A LAN is a network infrastructure that provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area. It’s typically used in a department within an enterprise, a home, or a small business network.
What is a WAN?
A WAN is a network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical area, which is typically owned and managed by a larger corporation or a telecommunications service provider.
What are three specific characteristics of a LAN?
-Are interconnected end devices in a limited area.
-Usually administered by a single organization or individual.
-Provide high-speed bandwidth to end/intermediary devices
WANs are typically managed by _____ _____ or _______ _______ ______.
Service providers (SPs), Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
What are three specific characteristics of WANs?
-WANs interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas.
-WANS are administered by multiple service providers.
-WANs provide slower-speed links between LANs.