Networking Questions Flashcards
What is TTL and what does it do?
TTL stands for Time to Live. It is a mechanism that limits the lifespan of data in a computer or network.
And What is the difference between broadcast and collision domain?
A broadcast domain is the domain in which a broadcast is forwarded. A broadcast domain contains all devices that can reach each other at the data link layer (OSI layer 2) by using broadcast.
A collision domain is the domain in which packets collide if sent simultaneously by two devices on a shared network segment. All ports in a hub network are in the same collision domain. Ports on a switch or bridge or router have segregated collision domains.
What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol and UDP is a connection-less protocol. TCP establishes a connection between a sender and receiver before data can be sent. UDP does not establish a connection before sending data
What is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol. TCP/IP is a set of standardized rules that allow computers to communicate on a network such as the internet.
What is UDP?
User Datagram Protocol. It is part of the TCP/IP suite of protocols used for data transferring.
Define OSI and what it is.
OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a reference model for how applications communicate over a network.
Define and describe the 7 layers of OSI.
1-Physical, 2-Data Link, 3-Network, 4-Transport, 5-Session, 6-Presentation, 7-Application
Describe OSI Layer 7
Application - This is the layer that is the “closest to the end user”. It receives information directly from users and displays incoming data to the user.
Describe OSI Layer 6
Presentation - This Layer represents the area that is independent of data representation at the application layer. In general, it represents the preparation or translation of application format to network format, or from network formatting to application format. In other words, the layer “presents” data for the application or the network.
Describe OSI Layer 5
Session - When two devices, computers or servers need to “speak” with one another, a session needs to be created, and this is done at the Session Layer.
Describe OSI Layer 4
Transport Layer - deals with the coordination of the data transfer between end systems and hosts. How much data to send, at what rate, where it goes, etc. The best known example of the Transport Layer is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which is built on top of the Internet Protocol (IP), commonly known as TCP/IP. TCP and UDP port numbers work at Layer 4, while IP addresses work at Layer 3, the Network Layer.
Describe OSI Layer 3
Network - This layer is responsible for packet forwarding, including routing through different routers.
Describe OSI Layer 2
Data Link - The Data Link Layer provides node-to-node data transfer (between two directly connected nodes), and also handles error correction from the physical layer.
Describe OSI Layer 1
Physical - This layer represents the electrical and physical representation of the system. This can include everything from the cable type, radio frequency link (as in an 802.11 wireless systems), as well as the layout of pins, voltages and other physical requirements.
What is DHCP and how does it work.
DHCP Stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a network management protocol used to automate the process of configuring devices on IP networks. It essentially automatically assigns IP Addresses.
