Networking Notes/Vocabulary Flashcards
A group of computers connected together in a way that allows information to be exchanged between the computers
Computer Network
A piece of a message transmitted over a packet-switching network
Packet
A network of computers that are in the same physcial location (within campus/building)
Local Area Network (LNA)
A network of computers that are fat apart
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Anything that is connected to the network. While a node is a typically a computer, ot can also be something like a printer or CD-ROM tower
Node
This is the physcial address of any device – such as the NIC in a computer – on the network. The MAC address, which is made up of 2 equal parts, is 6 bytes long, the first 3 bytes identify the company that made the NIC. The second 3 bytes are the serial number of the NIC itself.
Media Access Control (MAC)
An alphanumeric label given to computers and other devices that connect to a network
IP Address
Each node is daisy-chained along the same backbone. Information sent from a node travels along the backbone until it reaches its destination node. Each end of a bus network must be terminated with a resistor to keep the signal that is sent by node across the network from bouncing back when it reaches the end of the cable.
Bus Topology
Similar to bus but rings have the nodes daisy-chained. The end of the network comes back around to the first node creating a complete circuit.
Ring Topology
A special series of bits that travel around a token-ring network
Network Token
Each node is connected to a central device called a hub. The hub takes a signal that comes from any node and passes it along to all the other nodes in the network. A hub does not perform any type of siltering or routing of the data. It is simply a junction that joins all the different nodes together.
Star Topology
It includes and incorporates the characteristics of bus and star topologies. (Has star-configured workstations and linear bus backbone cable)
Tree Topology
A common format for transmitting data between 2 devices
Protocal
A decentralized network of client and server peer-to-peer nodes that contribute, and consume network resources and share workloads. The need for a centralized server is therefore eliminated
Peer-Peer Architecture
Network architecture where each computer/process is either a client or serve
Client/Server Architecture
A netowkr hub is a device that allows multiple computers to communicate with each other over a network. The computers connect through ethernet ports built into the network hub. Typically hubs contain between four adn 12 ethernet ports. these devices are best suited for small local area networks.
Hubs
Allow messages to between networks rather than within
Network Routers
Significant part of many networks because they speed things up
Switches or Switching Hub
Every computer is connected to a network through an NIC (mostly in the form of ethernet card)
Network Interface Card
Type of cable that consists of 2 independently insulated wires twisted around 1 another. the use of 2 wires twisted together helps to reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic induction. While twisted-pair cable is used by older telephone networks and is the least expensive type of LAN cable, most networks contain some twisted-pair cabling at some point along the network.
Twisted-Pair Cable
Wire that has a center wire that is surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield of braided wire that reduces electrical/radio frequency interference
Coaxial Cable
Plastic fibers used to transmit data through light. It consists of a bundle of optical fibers that can send information over long distances at high bandwidth
Fiber Optic
An adjective that describes any network or device that does not need a wired connection to transmit information or perform tasks. Instead of physical wires, wireless networks and devices use light waves or radio frequencies to function.
Wireless Network
A cable rack that interconnects and manages telecommunications between itself and any number of IDF’s
Main Distribution Fram (MDF)
A cable rack that interconnects and manages the telecommunications wiring between an MDF and workstation devices. Cables entering a building run through a centralized MDF, then each individual IDF.
Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF)
The capacity of data transfer in a system. Measured by bitrate
Bandwidth
The # of bits a system can send per second
Bitrate
The time it takes for a bit to get from sender to receiver
Latency
Fiber optic have the best
Latency (speed of light )
300 microseconds/kilometer
Average Ethernet speed
What are networks connected through
Routers
Electricity (Ethernet)
Light (fiber optic cables)
Radio (wifi, cell)
Ways to connect routers
What is being sent?
Bits
A protocol that defines the layout of an Internet address
The Internet protocol (IP)
What do the parts mean 93.184.216.34
93 - network
184 - sub network
216 - sub sub network
34 - device
What holds a lot of stuff and performs many tasks including firewall systems?
MDF (day in the life)
