Networking Basics Flashcards
Network Definition
A group of interconnected systems configured to share data and resources
Networking Frameworks
- OSI Model
- TCP/IP Model
Network Connectivity Devices
- Switch and VLAN Configuration
- Router Configuration
Systems Definition
Information Technology Systems: interconnected components which transforms, store, transport, or control data and/or information for particular purpose
Types of Systems
- Nodes
- Hosts
- Servers
- Clients
Nodes Definition
Any addressable device on the network
Host Definition
A general purpose node on the network. Usually refers to a computer
Servers Definition
Provides a network resource; data, printing capabilities, network services
Client Definition
Access the resources of a server
Operating Systems Definition
A computer operating system designed to support the communication and resource sharing between systems, often utilizing a single sign-on environment
Operating Systems Examples
- Window Server Products (Microsoft Windows)
- Novell Netware
- Unix
Network Connectivity Devices
- Hubs
- Switches
- Routers
- VLANs
- Wireless Access
- VPN Servers
Protocols
Set of rules for formatting, processing and transferring data. Common language for network systems. Due to different softwares and hardwares, protocol ensures the same rules and able to communicate with each other
Medium
Provides pathway for data to traverse
Domain Naming Services (DNS)
- Provides name resolution from to FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) to IP address
- Hosts file also provides name resolution but is static
- Database uses records of various types to provide/store information
DNS Record Types
- host provides IP to FQDN resolution
- AAAA provides IPv6 to FQDN resolution
- PTR provides resolution from FQDN to IP address
- SoA start of authority provides address of server authorities for the zone
- NS lists name servers for the zone
- SRV service records
- CNAME alias
- MX mail
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
- Scopes
- Leases
- Reservations
- Exclusions
Scopes
Ranges of IP addresses which the DHCP server can issue
Leases
Issued IPs
Reservations
Addresses reserved for particular servers by MAC address
Exclusions
An individual or range of IP addresses that will not be assigned. Often manually configured