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Networking Basics Flashcards

1
Q

How does Metal wires within cables transfers data?

A

Data is encoded into electrical impulses.

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2
Q

How does glass or plastic fibers within cables transfer data?

A

Data is encoded into pulses of light.

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3
Q

How does wireless transmission transfer data?

A

Data is encoded via modulation of specific frequencies of electromagnetic waves.

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4
Q

The 4 main criteria for choosing network media are:

A

What is the maximum distance that the media can successfully carry a signal?

What is the environment in which the media will be installed?

What is the amount of data and at what speed must it be transmitted?

What is the cost of the media and installation?

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5
Q

Most commonly encountered type of network cabling

A

Twisted Pair Cable

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6
Q

This core is typically surrounded by a layer of insulation, braided metal shielding, and a protective jacket.

A

Coaxial Cable

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7
Q

It is used as a high-frequency transmission line to carry high-frequency or broadband signals.

A

Coaxial Cable

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8
Q

Cable used in backbone networks, large enterprise environments, and large data centers.

A

Fiber Optic Cable

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9
Q

The Network Media provides:

A

the channel over which the message travels from source to destination.

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10
Q

N.I.C.

A

Network Interface Card

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11
Q

M.A.C.

A

Media Access Control Address

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12
Q

encapsulation

A

the process of prepending protocol information with information from another protocol. (sender)

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13
Q

De-encapsulation

A

occurs when the process is reversed (of encapsulation) by the recipient

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14
Q

The beginning of an Ethernet Frame:

A

The preamble and Start Frame Delimiter (SFD)

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15
Q

Ethernet switch operates in what layer

A

Layer 2 - Data Link layer

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16
Q

The Access layer is..

A

the part of the network in which people gain access to other hosts and to shared files and printers.

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17
Q

TCP/IP Model - Internet

A

Determines the best path to forward data through the network.

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18
Q

TCP/IP Model - Application

A

Represents data to the user, data encoding, and dialog control.

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19
Q

TCP/IP Model - Network Access

A

Controls hardware devices and media that make up the network.

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20
Q

TCP/IP Model -Transport

A

Supports communication between diverse devices across networks.

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21
Q

All communication methods include:

A

message source, destination, and a transmission medium.

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22
Q

Examples of end-user devices with network interfaces:

A

workstations, servers, network printers, and IP phones.

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23
Q

IPv4 addresses are how many bits?

A

32 bits in length

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24
Q

8 bit bytes in IPv4 are called what?

A

octets

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25
The Logical 32 bit IPv4 address is:
hierarchical and is made up of two parts, the network, and the host.
26
Unicast transmission
one device sending a message to one other device in one-to-one communications.
27
broadcast tranmission
a device sending a message to all the devices on a network in one-to-all communications.
28
directed broadcast
packet is sent to all hosts on a specific network
29
limited broadcast
packet is sent to 255.255.255.255. (/32)
30
Multicast tranmission
reduces traffic by allowing a host to send a single packet to a selected set of hosts that subscribe to a multicast group.
31
IPv4 multicast range
224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
32
Public IPv4 addresses
are addresses which are globally routed between internet service provider (ISP) routers
33
Private IPv4 addresses
addresses that are used by most organizations to assign IPv4 addresses to internal hosts.
34
NAT
Network Address Translation
35
Network Address Translation
used to translate between private IPv4 and public IPv4 addresses via router.
35
Class A Private IPv4 starts with?
10.x.x.x
36
Class B Private IPv4 starts with?
172.x.x.x
37
Class C Private IPv4 starts with?
192.x.x.x
38
IPv4 Loopback addresses
127.0.0.0 /8 or 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254
39
Link-local addresses
(169.254.0.0 /16 or 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254) are more commonly known as the Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) addresses or self-assigned addresses
40
Regional Internet Registries
responsible for allocating IP addresses to ISPs who provide IPv4 address blocks to organizations and smaller ISPs.
41
RIR
Regional Internet Registries
42
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol
43
DHCP
Dynamic Host Control Protocol
44
Dual Stack
allows IPv4 and IPv6 to coexist on the same network segment, devices run both IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks simultaneously.
45
Tunneling
method of transporting an IPv6 packet over an IPv4 network.
46
Network Address Translation 64
allows IPv6-enabled devices to communicate with IPv4-enabled devices using a translation technique similar to NAT for IPv4.
47
NAT64
Network Address Translation 64
48
IPv6 address is how many bits long?
128 bits in length
49
IPv6l: how many hexadecimal values?
32 hexadecimal values
50
ICMPv6
includes address resolution and address autoconfiguration not found in ICMPv4.
51
IPv4 static assignment is?
the network administrator must manually configure the network information for a host.
52
What is needed to static address? (3)
IP address - This identifies the host on the network. Subnet mask - This is used to identify the network on which the host is connected. Default gateway - This identifies the networking device that the host uses to access the internet or another remote network.
53
DHCP
Dynamic Host Control Protocol
54
Dynamic Host Control Protocol
automatically assigns addressing information such as IPv4 address, subnet mask, default gateway, and other configuration information.
55
DHCPREQUEST
the client accepting the IP address provided by the DHCP server
56
DHCPOFFER
a DHCP server responding to the initial request by a client
57
DHCPDISCOVER
a client initiating a message to find a DHCP server
58
DHCPPACK
the DHCP server confirming that the address lease has been accepted
59
Physical address (the MAC address)
Used for NIC-to-NIC communications on the same Ethernet network.
60
Logical address (the IP address)
Used to send the packet from the source device to the destination device. The destination IP address may be on the same IP network as the source, or it may be on a remote network.
61
Address Resolution Protocol
discover the MAC address of any host on the same local network.
62
The destination MAC address of an Ethernet broadcast in hexadecimal is:
FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
63
Routing is ?
the process of identifying the best path to a destination.
64
Router
a networking device that connects multiple Layer 3, IP networks. At the distribution layer of the network, routers direct traffic and perform other functions critical to efficient network operation.
65
Port 80
HTTP
66
Port 25
SMTP
67
Port 53
DNS
68
Port 21
FTP
69
Port 22
SSH
70
Port 23
Telnet
71
Port 67
DHCP- server
72
Port 69
TFTP
73
Port 161
SNMP
74
Port 443
HTTPS
75
Well Known Ports
Destination ports that are associated with common network applications are identified as well-known ports. These ports are in the range of 1 to 1023.
76
Registered Ports
Ports 1024 through 49151 can be used as either source or destination ports. These can be used by organizations to register specific applications such as IM applications.
77
Private Ports
Ports 49152 through 65535 are often used as source ports. These ports can be used by any application.
78
The socket
used to identify the server and service being requested by the client. A client socket might look like this, with 1099 representing the source port number: 192.168.1.5:1099
79
Netstat
is an important network utility that can be used to verify TCP connections.
79
UDP
a 'best effort' delivery system that does not require acknowledgment of receipt. UDP is preferable with applications such as streaming audio and VoIP.
80
TCP
TCP keeps track of the number of segments that have been sent to a specific host from a specific application.
81
URL
Uniform Resource Locator This defines the network location of a specific resource on the network. HTTP or HTTPS URLs are typically used with web browsers. EX: https://www.example.com/author/book
82
URN
Uniform Resource Name This identifies only the namespace of the resource (web page, document, image, etc.) without reference to the protocol. EX: www.example.com/author/book
83
URI
Uniform Resource Identifier a string of characters that identifies a specific network resource. Contains: protocol, hostname, path, fragment
84
HTML
Hyper Text Markup language
85
Virtual Terminal Session (vty)
connection using Telnet
86
Troubleshooting CLI Command : ipconfig
Displays IP configuration information.
87
Troubleshooting CLI Command : ping
Tests connections to other IP hosts.
88
Troubleshooting CLI Command : netstat
Displays network connections.
89
Troubleshooting CLI Command : tracert
Displays the route taken to the destination.
90
Troubleshooting CLI Command : nslookup
Directly queries the name server for information on a destination domain.

Cisco CCST (4 decks)

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