Networking and Security Fundamentals

Question 1

Authentication Server

Answer 1

A server or server role that determines whether or not access credentials supplied by a user should enable them to access resources.

Question 2

Bridge

Answer 2

A software-based network device that has the same functionality as a switch.

Question 3

Client/Server Network

Answer 3

A network in which some computers act as servers to provide special services for other client computers.

Question 4

File Server

Answer 4

A computer that stores programs and files that are intended to be shared among network users.

Question 5

IDS (Intrusion Detection System)

Answer 5

Software or hardware, or a combination of both, that scans, audits and monitors the security infrastructure for signs of attacks in progress and automates the intrusion detection process.

Question 6

Internet Appliance

Answer 6

A relatively inexpensive PC that enables Internet access and a specific activity.

Question 7

LAN (Local Area Network)

Answer 7

A self-contained network that spans a small area, such as a single building, floor or room.

Question 8

Least Privilege

Answer 8

The principle that establishes that users and software should only have the minimal level of access that is necessary for them to perform the duties required of them.

Question 9

Mail Server

Answer 9

A computer that stores incoming email messages and forwards outgoing email messages.

Question 10

Malware

Answer 10

Any unwanted software that has the potential to damage a system, impede performance or create a nuisance condition.

Question 11

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

Answer 11

A network that covers an area equivalent to a city or other municipality.

Question 12

Modem

Answer 12

A device that converts digital data to an analogue signal that can be sent over a telephone line.

Question 13

Multi-factor Authentication

Answer 13

Any authentication scheme that requires validation of at least two of the possible authentication factors.

Question 14

Mutual Authentication

Answer 14

A security mechanism that requires that each party in a communication verifies its identity.

Question 15

Network

Answer 15

A group of computers that are connected together to communicate and share resources.

Question 16

PAN (Personal Area Network)

Answer 16

A network of devices used by a single individual.

Question 17

Peer-to-peer Network

Answer 17

A network in which resource sharing, processing and communications control are completely decentralised.

Question 18

Print Server

Answer 18

A computer that enables network users to share printers.

Question 19

Proxy Server

Answer 19

A computer or application that isolates internal clients from external servers by downloading and storing files on behalf of the clients.

Question 20

Rapid Elasticity

Answer 20

A cloud computing feature that provides seamless, scalable provisioning.

Question 21

Router

Answer 21

A networking device that connects multiple networks that use the same protocol.

Question 22

RSA Token

Answer 22

A small device that includes cryptographic keys, a digital signature or even biometric information that is verified against an identification system to allow or deny access to a physical location system, or network location.

Question 23

Security Policy

Answer 23

A formalised statement that defines how security will be implemented within a particular organisation.

Question 24

Server

Answer 24

A computer that provides services and resources on the network.

Question 25

Strong Password

Answer 25

A password that meets the complexity requirements that are set by a system administrator and documented in a security policy or a password policy.

Question 26

Switch

Answer 26

A smart network hardware device that joins multiple network segments together.

Question 27

Token

Answer 27

A physical or virtual object that stores authentication information.

Question 28

UTM (Unified Threat Management)

Answer 28

The concept of combining the features of a firewall, gateway antivirus and IDS/IPS into a single device.

Question 29

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

Answer 29

A private network that protects communications sent through a public network such as the Internet.

Question 30

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Answer 30

A network that spans multiple geographic locations, connecting multiple LANs using long-range transmission media.

Question 31

Web Server

Answer 31

A computer that provides access to personal, corporate or educational website content.

Question 32

WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network)

Answer 32

A network that connects devices in very close proximity but not through a wireless access point.