Networking and Internet

Question 1

Which IP address class has the first octet identifying the network?

Answer 1

Class A

Question 2

Which IP address class has the last octet identifying the host?

Answer 2

Class C

Question 3

Which octets represent the network for Class B IP addresses?

Answer 3

The first 2 octets.

Question 4

Given the following IP address: 10.0.0.1, briefly describe the IP address class it belongs to.

Answer 4

Class A IP addresses are IP addresses that have their first octet in the range of 1-126. This means that the first 8 bits of a Class A IP address are reserved for network identification, and the remaining 24 bits are used for host identification.

Class A IP addresses are typically used by large organizations that require a large number of hosts on their network. Since the first octet is reserved for network identification, a Class A network can support up to 126 networks, each with up to 16,777,214 hosts.

Question 5

By using a suitable example, explain class B IP addresses.

Answer 5

Class B IP addresses are IP addresses that have their first octet in the range of 128-191, and their first two octets are used for network identification. This means that the first 16 bits of a Class B IP address are reserved for network identification, and the remaining 16 bits are used for host identification. For example, 172.16.0.1

Class B IP addresses are typically used by medium to large organizations that require a moderate number of hosts on their network. Since the first two octets are reserved for network identification, a Class B network can support up to 16,384 networks, each with up to 65,534 hosts.

In the example above, the organization using the IP address 172.16.0.1 could have up to 65,534 hosts on their network, all sharing the same network ID (172.16.0.0). This is because the first two octets (172.16) identify the network, and the remaining 16 bits can be used to identify individual hosts on that network.

Class B IP addresses are commonly used for private networks, such as in a company’s internal network or in a school’s network. Private networks using Class B IP addresses often have IP addresses in the range of 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, which provides enough IP addresses for a moderate-sized organization.

Question 6

Convert the following IP address into binary format: 192.168.40.5

Answer 6

11000000.10101000.00101000.00000101

Question 7

Explain the purpose of IP addressing.

Answer 7

to provide a unique identifier for each device on a network, so that the devices can communicate with each other using the Internet Protocol (IP). Every device on a network must have a unique IP address assigned to it in order to communicate with other devices on the same network or on other networks.

IP addressing allows devices to send and receive packets of data across the network, and routers use the IP addresses to direct packets to their intended destinations. Without IP addressing, devices would not be able to communicate with each other, and the Internet as we know it today would not be possible.

IP addressing also provides a way to manage and control network traffic. By assigning IP addresses to devices, network administrators can track the flow of data on the network, identify potential bottlenecks or security threats, and apply access control policies to limit access to specific resources on the network.