Networking

Question 1

DHCP

Answer 1

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol- Provides automatic address / IP configuration for almost all devices. DHCP assigns an IP address from the first available from a large pool of addresses. Your IP address will occasionally change. Disable for a static IP address

Question 2

Default Gateway

Answer 2

serves as the forwarding host (router) to other networks. Allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet. It must be an IP address on the local subnet.

Question 3

DNS

Answer 3

Domain Name System- Convert names to IP addresses and vice versa. Distributed naming system. The load is balanced across many different servers. Usually managed by the ISP or enterprise IT department.

Question 4

VPN

Answer 4

A virtual private network that extends a private network across a public network.

Question 5

IP address

Answer 5

An Internet Protocol address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network. IPv4 is a 32-bit number. IPv6 is 128 bits.

Question 6

Subnet mask

Answer 6

This is used to identify the network/host portion of the IPv4 address. Used to differentiate the network portion from the host portion of an IPv4 address.

Question 7

NIC

Answer 7

Network Interface Card. It is a hardware component that connects a device to a network. Every device has one.

Question 8

TCP

Answer 8

Transmission Control Protocol- Connection-oriented. It manages individual conversations between web servers and clients. A formal connection setup and close. “Reliable” delivery. Recovery from errors. Can manage out-of-order messages or retransmissions. Flow control.

Question 9

Flow control

Answer 9

the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver.

Question 10

UDP

Answer 10

User Datagram Protocol- Connectionless. No formal open or close to the connection. “Unreliable” delivery. No error recovery. No reordering of data or retransmissions. No flow control.

Question 11

Port

Answer 11

a communication endpoint. A port number is a 16-bit unsigned integer, thus ranging from 0 to 65535.

Question 12

HTTP

Answer 12

Hypertext Transfer Protocol - tcp/80.

governs the way that a web server and client interact. Communication in the browser. In the clear or encrypted.

Question 13

IP

Answer 13

responsible for delivery across the best path to the destination.

Question 14

Ethernet

Answer 14

takes the packet from IP and formats it for transmission.

Question 15

HTTPS

Answer 15

Hypertext transfer protocol secure. Tcp/443 • communication in the browser. Supported by nearly all web servers and clients

Question 16

FTP

Answer 16

File Transfer Protocol • tcp/20 (active mode data), tcp/21 (control) • Transfers files between systems • Authenticates with a username and password • Some systems use a generic/anonymous login • Full-featured functionality • List, add, delete, etc.