Networking Flashcards
Protocols
How machines talk to each other even though hard/software is different
What are Packets?
At what layer are they used?
What are two examples?
- streams of bits running as electric signals on physical media used for data transmission
- ex: wire = LAN, air = wifi
Networking
exchanging information between networked computers
How are electrical signals interpreted?
through bits (0s and 1s) that make up the information
Structure of protocol packet
2 parts
header and payload
What’s the purpose of the packet header?
does 2 things
- has protocol-specific structure
- ensures receiving host correctly interprets payload and can handle communications
packet payload
contains actual info, ex: email message, file content
What does the IP protocol header contain?
How many bits is it?
- 160 bits (20bytes) long
- contains info to interpret content of IP packet
What do the first 4 bits of the IP header identify?
- identify IP version
- ipv4 or ipv6
What do the 32 bits of the IP header represent? (position 96)
represent source address
What do the 4 bytes after the source address in the IP header represent?
represent destination address
Protocol Layer[s] (4)
hint: ATNP
- Application
- Transport
- Network
- Physical
What’s the point of the Application Layer?
What are some examples?
Make application work
- ex: email client, ftp, browser
What is the purpose of the Transport Layer in relation to data/packets?
What is one main example?
Transport data between processes
- ex: between server and client programs
What does the Network Layer do?
Identify hosts/computers on a network
