Networking Flashcards
The fundamental operation of a client-server application is the __________which consists of a client
____________ followed by a server _____________.
Transaction
Request
Response
An Ethernet segment consists of
A set of hosts connected through a hub
Globally unique 48-bit address stored in NVRAM on network adapter:
MAC address
A LAN consists of multiple segments connected by
Bridges
How do bridges differ from hubs?
Bridges implement a distributed algorithm that allows each to “learn” over time which ports connect to which hosts, thereby reducing communication traffic. Hubs simply copy all received data from one host to all other connected hosts.
LANs are connected using ________________ to form an internet.
routers
Two capabilities provided by protocol software are ________ and _____.
Host naming scheme
Delivery mechanism
A general packet consists of a _______ and a ______
Header
Payload
A packet header usually contains:
source and destination addresses and size of payload
In layered communication networks, the method of information hiding that treats the entire packet (header plus payload) from level k, as only the payload to which it adds a header at level k-1, is called
Encapsulation
TCP/IP stands for
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
A TCP/IP packet is called a
Datagram
Network byte order is
Big-endian
The mapping between domain names and Internet hosts is maintained by
DNS
Linux utility program that can be used to display IP addresses associated with a domain name
nslookup
Each Internet host has a locally defined domain name called ______ that maps to ________
Localhost
127.0.0.1
Linux command that displays domain name of local host:
hostname
An Internet connection is characterized by three things
Point to point
Full duplex
Reliable
A socket is the
end-point of a connection
A socket address consists of
Internet address and port number
The port that is assigned automatically by the kernel to a client making a connection request is called a(n)
Ephemeral port
The port used by a server’s socket address (when it provides a common service) is called a(n)
well-known port
Linux maintains a file with mappings between these kinds of services and ports. It is:
/etc/services
A connection is uniquely defined by the socket addresses of its endpoints. This is called a
socket pair
Sequence of functions called to allow a client to begin sending requests to a server
socket
connect
Sequence of functions called to allow a server to begin receiving data from a client
socket
bind
listen
accept
Name of the function used to return socket address information given a string representation of a host and/or service
getaddrinfo
Name of the function used to return host name given socket address information:
getnameinfo
